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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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vitamins
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organic molecules that are catalysts (enzyme helpers)
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nutrients
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furnish the elements and E necessary to produce organic molecules
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"essential" vit/nutrients
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cannot be photosynthesized
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growth regulators
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similar to hormones and vitamins
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auxin
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-promotes vertical growth
-delays fruit production -terminal bud releases auxin to prevent lateral buds from growing --chop off terminal bud = short, bushy plant (auxin goes to lateral buds) |
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auxin movement
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requires E, movement is polar
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gibberellins
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-most GA in plants are inactive
-named after fungus -add GA to a dwarf plant = grows to normal size |
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cytokinins
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-promotes cell division (speeds up G2)
-synthesized in germinating seeds/root tips -can prolong vegetable storage life |
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abscissic acid
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-in plastids, fleshy fruits
-inhibits other plant hormones -(nothing to do with abscission) |
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ethylene
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-fruit, flowers, seeds, leaves, etc
-produced from methionine (amino acid) -ripens fruits, ceases in prescence of O2 |
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forms of auxin
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-indoleacetic acid (IAA)
-phenylacetic acid (PAA) -4-chloroAA -indolebutryric acid (IBA) |
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florigen
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hypothetical hormone
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apical dominance
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supression of lateral growth (auxins)
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senescence
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old age, breakdown of cell components, death of cell
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plant movements from internal stimuli (5)
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1. nutation - slight spiraling (kinda nutty)
2. nodding - side to side 3. twining - very defined spiraling 4. contraction - contractile roots 5. nastic - non-directional (spastic) |
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movements from external stimuli
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tropisms
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3 stages of tropism
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1. initial perception
2. transduction 3. asymmetric growth |
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thigmotropism
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physical contact
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chemotropism
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chemicals
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traumotropism
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wounding
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skokotropism
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dark
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aerotropism
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oxygen
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turgor movements
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result from changes in turgor, initiated by contact w/ foreign objects
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circadian rhythms
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-biological clock
-legume family (leaves/petals fold) |
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photoperiodism
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blooming in different, specific seasons
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short-day plants
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will not flower unless day period is short enough (cold seasons)
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long-day plants
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will not flower unless day period is long enough (warm seasons)
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day-nuetral, intermediate-day
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-not picky
-not too long, not too short |
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phytochromes, cryptochromes
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pale blue and blue pigments for light absorption, circadians rhythms, etc.
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dormancy vs. quiescence
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-period of inactivity
-state in which seed cannot germinate unless certain environmental condidtions are present |
