Botanical Terms

Front 1

tricolpate

Back 1

pollen grain has three apertures equally spaced and approximately parallel to the polar axis of the grain

Front 2

protandry

Back 2

condition of flws whose male parts mature before the female ones

Front 3

anomocytic stoma

Back 3

lacks morphologically differentiated subsidiary cells; accessory cells are usually 5 in number

Front 4

sclerified

Back 4

hardened as a result of sec. wall formation and/or lignification

Front 5

conduplicate

Back 5

folded lengthwise

Front 6

silicified

Back 6

impregnated with silica (epidermis & unicellular hairs of Dilleniaceae)

Front 7

obturator

Back 7

protuberance of tissue, typically arising from the funiculus or placenta; may develop at the base of the ovule, e.g. Euphorbiaceae

Front 8

accrescent

Back 8

growing continuously/larger after flwing

Front 9

follicetum

Back 9

an aggregate fruit of follicle

Front 10

follicle

Back 10

a dry, dehiscent fruit derived from one carpel that splits along one suture

Front 11

dichlamydeous

Back 11

calyx and corolla clearly separated

Front 12

homochalmydeous

Back 12

calyx and corolla indistinguishable; tepals

Front 13

obdiplostemonous

Back 13

stamens in two whorls: the outer opposite the tepals, inner opposite the sepals

Front 14

papilionaceous

Back 14

a flw w/one large posterior petal (banner or standard), two inner lateral petals (wings), and two usually apically connate lower petals (keel); Faboideae

Front 15

caesalpinaceous

Back 15

also five petals: banner smallest, innermost petal; two wings and two keels of same size and shape

Front 16

monopodial

Back 16

a given axis is derived from a single apical meristem

Front 17

sympodial

Back 17

a given axis is made up of several units, each of w/c is derived from a separate apical meristem, the unit themselves determinate or indeterminate

Front 18

corona

Back 18

ring or set of appendages of adaxial tissue arising from the corolla or the outer edge of the stamens; often positioned where the corolla lobes arise from the corolla tube

Front 19

androgynophore

Back 19

stalk that bears both andro-, and gynoecium

Front 20

gynophore

Back 20

receptacular stalk bearing the gynoecium

Front 21

capitate stigma

Back 21

head-shaped

Front 22

clavate stigma

Back 22

club-shaped, thickened towards the apex

Front 23

monothecal/bisporangiate

Back 23

two locules or two sporangia; bilocular

Front 24

dithecal/tetrasporangiate

Back 24

four locules or four sporangia; tetralocular

Front 25

arillate seeds

Back 25

outgrowth from the funiculus, seed coat or chalaza or a fleshy seed coat

Front 26

diplostemonous androecium

Back 26

stamens of outer whorl alternate with petals, and stamens of inner whorl lie opposite to the petals (antipetalous)

Front 27

glandular-punctate lvs

Back 27

glands of leaf are sunken in; noticeable when held against light

Front 28

nectary disk

Back 28

floral disk contains nectar-secreting glands

Front 29

resinous bark

Back 29

bark with resin hehe

Front 30

circumscissile

Back 30

opens by splitting through the center of frt so that top of the capsule lifts off like a lid

Front 31

cauliflorous

Back 31

infl type where flw and frt are arriving from bole, i.e., inflo grows directly from a WOODY trunk, e.g. Menisperma-, Oxalida-, Euohorbia-, Mora-, Myrta-, Sapinda-, and Malvaceae

Front 32

cruciform

Back 32

reg. flw w/four petals cross-shaped

Front 33

laticifers

Back 33

produce latex and rubber as sec. metabolites

Front 34

replum

Back 34

partition between valves or compartments in some frts

Front 35

tetradynamous

Back 35

six stamens, two of which are shorter than the others

Front 36

utricle

Back 36

small, bladdery or inflated, one-seeded dry indehiscent frt

Front 37

nutlet

Back 37

small nut; pyrene; seee covered by a stony layer, e.g. kernel of a drupe; labiale frt that fragments at maturity

Front 38

sepaloid

Back 38

petals resembling a sepal in structure and function

Front 39

petaloid

Back 39

sepals/calyx that are brightly colored

Front 40

ray/ligulate floret

Back 40

any of a number of strap-shaped that form the ray, possessing extra appendages called ligule, thus called ligulated; usually pistillate (only gynoecium present) or sterile; increases attrativeness of inflo; zygomorphic

Front 41

disc/tubular floret

Back 41

radial, bisexual, never pistillate; act.

Front 42

involucral bract

Back 42

bract that appears in a whorl subtending an inflo

Front 43

chaffy bract

Back 43

dry bract, papery or scaly, often persistent bracts on a receptacle

Front 44

cypsela

Back 44

complex frt, dry, indehiscent, unilocular with a single seed not adnate to the pericarp (linked only by the funicle), and originating from an inf. ovary; contains extra tissues around the true pericarp, e.g. dandelion; similar to achene, but achene is derived from sup. ovary

Front 45

syngenesious

Back 45

united by anthers

Front 46

radiate head

Back 46

disc flw surrounded by ray flw; head composed of central disc flw and marginal ray flw

Front 47

ligulate head

Back 47

composed entirely of ligulate flw

Front 48

receptacle

Back 48

region of flw to which the other floral parts are attached

Front 49

involucre or phyllaries

Back 49

bracts of certain flw that form a cup below the capitulum

Front 50

bilabiate

Back 50

two-lipped; zyg. sympetalous corolla

Front 51

pappus

Back 51

calyx of Asteraceae; part of an indi floret that surrounds the base of corolla tube in flw. heads of the said fam.; modified as awns, scales or capillary bristles

Front 52

neutral flw

Back 52

flw that possesses vestigial, nunfunctional ovary and no style; ray flw of Asteraceae in radiate heads are either pistillate or neutral

Front 53

carpophore

Back 53

stalk-like structure that is attached to the mericarp in schizocarp, e.g., Apiaceae

Front 54

mericarp

Back 54

part of a schizocarp that is two, fused carpels in fruit's immature stage; a portion of a fruit that separates from the ovary as a distinct unit that completely encloses the seed, e.g. Apiaceae

Front 55

stylopodium

Back 55

a swollen region at the apex of the ovary below the style/stigma, e.g. Apiaceae

Front 56

umbel

Back 56

flat-topped/convex inflo w/pedicels attached at one point: Apiaceae

Front 57

umbellet

Back 57

sec. umbel in a compound umbel, e.g., Apiaceae, Foeniculum vulgare (fennel), Daucus carota (carrot)

Front 58

intramarginal venation

Back 58

vebation occurring within a margin

Front 59

Polystemonous

Back 59

stamens > 2(# of sepals or petals)

Front 60

punctate

Back 60

studded with dots or tiny holes

Front 61

cleistogamy

Back 61

self-fert. that occurs within a permanently closed flw

Front 62

biseriate

Back 62

with two whorls of parts; cycly

Front 63

epiperigynous

Back 63

hypanthium present, attached at apex of ovary with sepals petals or stamens attached to hypanthium rim; ovary inf.

Front 64

dimorphic

Back 64

two distinct forms

Front 65

monadelphous

Back 65

united by their filaments so as to form one grp.

Front 66

diadelphous

Back 66

united by their filaments so as to form two grps

Front 67

resupinate

Back 67

upside down

Front 68

cyathium

Back 68

infl of spurges; single flw, consisting of a cup-shaped involucre of fused bracts enclosing several greatly reduced male flw and a single female flw

Front 69

pendulous

Back 69

hanging down loosely

Front 70

dichasium

Back 70

cyme in which flwring branch gives rise to two or more branches, symetrically placed

Front 71

cupule

Back 71

cup-shaped organ, structure or receptacle