Boring Junk

Front 1

HLA B27

Back 1

PAIR

Psoriasis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Inflammatory bowel disease
Reiter's Syndrome

Front 2

HLA B8

Back 2

Grave's disease
Celiac sprue

Front 3

HLA DR2

Back 3

Multiple sclerosis
hay fever
SLE
Goodpasture's

Front 4

HLA DR3

Back 4

DM type I

Front 5

HLA DR4

Back 5

DM type I
Rheumatoid arthritis

Front 6

HLA DR5

Back 6

Pernicious anemia
Hashimoto's

Front 7

HLA DR7

Back 7

Steroid-response nephrotic syndrome

Front 8

Antinuclear antibodies

Back 8

seen with SLE

Front 9

Anti-dsDNA and anti-Smith antibodies

Back 9

specific for SLE

Front 10

Antihistone antibodies

Back 10

Drug-induced lupus

Front 11

Anti-IgG antibodies

Back 11

Rheumatoid arthritis

Front 12

C-ANCA, P-ANCA (antineutrophil antibodies)

Back 12

vasculitis

Front 13

Anticentromere antibodies

Back 13

scleroderma (CREST)

Front 14

Anti-Scl-70 antibodies

Back 14

Scleroderma (diffuse)

Front 15

Antimitochondrial antibodies

Back 15

primary biliary cirrhosis

Front 16

Antigliadin antibodies

Back 16

celiac disease

Front 17

Anti-basement membrane antibodies

Back 17

Goodpasture's syndrome

Front 18

Anti-epithelial antibodies

Back 18

Pemphigus vulgaris

Front 19

Antimicrosomal antibodies

Back 19

Hashimoto's

Front 20

Anti-Jo-1 antibodies

Back 20

Polymyositis
Dermatomyositis

Front 21

umbilical vein derivative

Back 21

ligamentum teres hepatis

Front 22

umbilical arteries derivatives

Back 22

medial umbilical ligaments

Front 23

allantois

Back 23

urachus -> median umbilical ligament

Front 24

notochord

Back 24

nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disk

Front 25

first part of aortic arch derivative

Back 25

maxillary artery

Front 26

Second part of aortic arch derivative

Back 26

stapedial artery

Front 27

third part of aortic arch derivative

Back 27

common carotid artery and proximal part of internal carotid artery

Front 28

4th part of aortic arch derivative

Back 28

aortic arch on left

proximal part of subclavian artery and right

(4th part = 4 limbs = systemic)

Front 29

sixth part of aortic arch derivative

Back 29

proximal part of pulmonary arteries and ductus arteriosus

(pulmonary and pulmonary-systemic shunt)

Front 30

Branchial arch 1 derivatives

Back 30

Mandible, Meckel's cartilage, Muscles of Mastication, Masseter, lateral and Medial pterygoid

feeling on ant. 2/3 of tongue

Maxillary and mandibular branches of trigeminal

Front 31

Branchial arch 2 derivatives

Back 31

Stapes, Styloid process, stylohyoid ligament, Stapedius, muscles of facial expression, Stylohyoid, post belly of digastric

Facial nerve

Front 32

Branchial arch 3 derivatives

Back 32

Greater horn of hyoid

stylopharyngeus

glossopharyngeal nerve

Front 33

Branchial arch 4-6 derivatives

Back 33

thyroid cartilages

4th: pharyngeal constrictors, CRICOTHYROID, levator veli palatini..... Superior laryngeal branch

6th: all intrinsic muscles of larynx except the cricothyroid.... recurrent laryngeal branch

Front 34

Branchial cleft derivatives

Back 34

1st: external acoustic meatus

2-4: cervical sinuses (thyroglossal duct cyst)

Front 35

Ear development from the 1st arch

Back 35

Malleus/incus

Tensor Tympani

Front 36

Ear development from the 2nd arch

Back 36

Stapes

Stapedius

Front 37

1st Branchial Pouch derivative

Back 37

middle ear cavity
eustachian tube
mastoid air cells

Front 38

2nd Branchial Pouch derivative

Back 38

epithelial lining of palatine tonsil

Front 39

3rd Branchial Pouch derivative

Back 39

inferior parathyroids

thymus

(DiGeorge)

Front 40

4th Branchial Pouch derivative

Back 40

superior parathyroids

Front 41

Cleft lip

Back 41

failure of fusion of maxillary and medial nasal processes

Front 42

Cleft palate

Back 42

failure of fusion of the lateral palatine processes, the nasal septum, and/or the median palatine process

Front 43

Diaphragm derived from:

Back 43

Several Parts Build Diaphragm

Septum transversum
Pleuroperitoneal folds
Body wall
Dorsal mesentery of esophagus

Front 44

Innervation of the Diaphragm

Back 44

C3-4-5 keeps the diaphragm alive

Front 45

Pancreas embryology, Ventral head

Back 45

from foregut

becomes the pancreatic head, uncinate process, and main pancreatic duct

Front 46

Pancreas embryology, Dorsal head

Back 46

from foregut

becomes body, tail, isthmus, and accessory duct

Front 47

Spleen embryology

Back 47

arises from dorsal mesentery but supplied from artery from foregut

Front 48

Annular pancreas

Back 48

ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds abnormally encircle the duodenum
- according to Kaplan, ventral wraps around the 2nd part of the duodenum

Front 49

Disease associations with neoplasms, Down's Syndrome

Back 49

ALL (we all fall down)
AML

Front 50

Disease associations with neoplasms, gastritis/pernicious anemia

Back 50

Gastric adenocarcinoma

Front 51

Disease associations with neoplasms, tuberous sclerosis

Back 51

astrocytoma and cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma

Front 52

Disease associations with neoplasms, Plummer-Vinson syndrome

Back 52

squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus

Front 53

Disease associations with neoplasms, Cirrhosis

Back 53

hepatocellular carcinoma

Front 54

Disease associations with neoplasms, ulcerative colitis

Back 54

Colonic adenocarcinoma

Front 55

Disease associations with neoplasms, Paget's disease of the bone

Back 55

secondary ostersarcoma and fibrosarcoma

Front 56

Disease associations with neoplasms, Immunodeficiency states

Back 56

malignant lymphoma

Front 57

Disease associations with neoplasms, Autoimmune diseases

Back 57

benign and malignant thymomas

Front 58

Disease associations with neoplasms, acanthosis nigricans

Back 58

visceral malignancy

Front 59

Disease associations with neoplasms, dysplastic nevus

Back 59

malignant melanoma

Front 60

abl mutation associated with

Back 60

CML

Gain of function, only need to damage one allele

Front 61

c-myc mutation associated with

Back 61

Burkitt's lymphoma

Gain of function, only need to damage one allele

Front 62

bcl-2 mutation associated with

Back 62

Follicular and undifferentiated lymphomas

Gain of function, only need to damage one allele

Front 63

erb-B2 mutation associated with

Back 63

Breast, ovarian, and gastric carcinomas

Gain of function, only need to damage one allele

Front 64

ras mutation associated with

Back 64

Colon carcinoma

Gain of function, only need to damage one allele

Front 65

L-myc mutation associated with

Back 65

Lung tumor

Gain of function, only need to damage one allele

Front 66

N-myc mutation associated with

Back 66

Neuroblastoma

Gain of function, only need to damage one allele

Front 67

ret mutation associated with

Back 67

ret

Gain of function, only need to damage one allele

Front 68

Rb mutation associated with

Back 68

osteosarcoma and retinoblastoma

on 13q chromosome

Loss of function requires mutation on both alleles

Front 69

BRCA 1/2 mutation associated with

Back 69

breast and ovarian cancer

on 17q/13q chromosomes

Loss of function requires mutation on both alleles

Front 70

p53 mutation associated with

Back 70

Most human cancers, Li-Fraumeni syndrome

on 17p chromosome

Loss of function requires mutation on both alleles

Front 71

p16 mutation associated with

Back 71

Melanoma

on 9p chromosome

Loss of function requires mutation on both alleles

Front 72

APC mutation associated with

Back 72

Colorectal cancer

on 5q chromosome

Loss of function requires mutation on both alleles

Front 73

WT1 mutation associated with

Back 73

Wilm's tumor

on 11q chromosome

Loss of function requires mutation on both alleles

Front 74

NF1 mutation associated with

Back 74

Neurofibromatosis type 1

on 17q chromosome

Loss of function requires mutation on both alleles

Front 75

NF2 mutation associated with

Back 75

Neurofibromatosis type 2

on 22q chromosome

Loss of function requires mutation on both alleles

Front 76

DPC mutation associated with

Back 76

Pancreatic cancer

on 18q chromosome

Loss of function requires mutation on both alleles

Front 77

DCC mutation associated with

Back 77

Colon cancer

on 18 q chromosome

Loss of function requires mutation on both alleles

Front 78

CA-125 marker for

Back 78

Ovarian, malignant epithelial tumors

Front 79

S-100 marker for

Back 79

Melanoma, neural tumors, astrocytomas

Front 80

Bombesin marker for

Back 80

Neuroblastoma, lung and gastric cancers

Front 81

TRAP marker for

Back 81

Hairy cell leukemia

Front 82

CA-19-9 marker for

Back 82

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Front 83

Nitrosamines as carcinogen

Back 83

esophagus, stomach

Front 84

Arsenic as carcinogen

Back 84

skin (SCC)

Front 85

Naphthalene dyes as carcinogens

Back 85

bladder (transitional cell)

Front 86

Alkylating agents as carcinogens

Back 86

leukemias

Front 87

Paraneoplastic effects of Small cell lung carcinoma

Back 87

ACTH -> Cushing's

Front 88

Paraneoplastic effects of Small cell lung carcinoma and intracranial neoplasms

Back 88

ADH -> SIADH

Front 89

Paraneoplastic effects of Squamous cell lung carcinoma, breast carcinoma, multiple myeloma, and bone metastasis

Back 89

PTH-related peptide, TGF-B, TNF-a, IL-1

Front 90

Paraneoplastic effects of Renal cell carcinoma and hemaangioblastomas

Back 90

Erthyropoietin -> polycythemia

Front 91

Paraneoplastic effects of thymoma and small cell lung carcinoma

Back 91

Abs against presynaptic Ca channels at NMJ -> Lambert-Eaton syndrome (muscle weakness)

Front 92

Paraneoplastic effects of Leukemias and lymphomas

Back 92

Hyperuricemia from excess nucleotide turnover -> gout, urate nephropathy

Front 93

Tumors that metastasis to the brain

Back 93

Lung, Breat, Skin, Kidney, GI

"Lots of Bad Stuff Kills Glia"

Front 94

Tumors that metastasis to the liver

Back 94

more common than primary liver tumors

Colon > Stomach > Pancreas > Breast > Lung

"Cancer Sometimes Penetrates Benign Liver"

Front 95

Tumors that metastasis to the bone

Back 95

Prostate (blastic), Thyroid, Testes, Breast (both lytic and blastic), Lung (lytic), Kidney

"P.T. Barnum Loves Kids"

more common than primary bone tumors