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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is BPD defined? |
-instability of personal relationships, self-image and affect -marked impulsivity |
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For a diagnosis what 5 or more symptoms are needed? |
-frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment -pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterised by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation -identity disturbance: markedly and persistently unstable self image
-GOOGLE THE REST |
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What is the prevalence? |
1-2 percent of pop. up to 70percent women. gender bias? |
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What are the clinical features? |
-always appear to be in state of crisis -mood swings -short lived psychotic episodes which are limited -unpredictable -usually underachieve -self mutiliation -self harm -lack of consistent identity |
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How do they see others? |
-feel both dependent and hostile -highly sensitive to rejection -feeling afraid of being abandoned -express rage when feel frustrated -cannot tolerate being alone -prefer a frantic search for companionship, rather than their own company -accept strangers as friends, behave promiscuously |
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What is splitting? |
See others as either all good or all bad.
-nurturing attachment figures vs. hateful sadistic figueres -idealization and devaluation -manipulation to obtain nurturance |
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What did Otto Kernberg describe in terms of defense mechanisms? |
-projective identification occurs in BPD patient intolerable aspects of self are projected onto another person |
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What are emotions like in BPD? |
-felt more easily, more deeply and for longer -can take long time to return to baseline emotional state -intense feelings /whether good or bad -overwhelming negative emotions -aware of the emotions but can't regulate them, attempt to shut down entirely --suicidality or self harm |
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What behaviour is seen? |
Impulsive behavour. Substance abuse, eating disorders, promiscuos sex, reckless spending and driving
Gives immediate release from emotional pain. But shame and guilt follow actions in long term
Vicious cycle |
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Causes? |
childhood trauma genetic predisposition neurological factors environmental factors |
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evidence suggests that bpd is similar to which disorder? |
ptsd |
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what is the biopsychosocial model of causation? |
-biological and genetic factors -social factors -psychological factors |
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what is the treatment for bpd? |
psychotherapy -challenge projective identifications, negative and positve transferences, counter transference problems, reality orientated apporach CBT social skills training Dialectical behaviour therapy |
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what are common features of recommended psychotherapy for BPD? |
-therapy must be long -emphasis on strong professional relationship -clear boundaries -therapist is active and directive -develop a hierarchy of priorities together -empathic validation -flexibility |
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what pharcotherapy is used? |
antipsychotics to control anger, hostility, brief psychotic episodes antidepressants for low mood benzodiazepines, xanax for help with anxiety and depression - problem here |
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what is social constructionism? |
look at the ways in which social phenomena are created.
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name some 'social constructionist' causes of bpd? |
-women use it to survive and resist oppression -how women are treated -non medical explanations, damaged system versus damaged individual
masculine attributes of individuality and rationality are celebrated in our society, vs female attributes such as emotionality and nurturance |
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do men get bpd? |
problem here. is it 'unmanly' to acknowledge feelings?
anger interpreted differently?
men's level of violence more lethal, therefore antisocial personality disorder? |
