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117 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The 2 types of deafness
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Conductive and sensorineural
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Blocking of sound through external to middle or inner ear?
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Conductive deafness
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middle ear infection
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otitis media
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nerve inpulses fail to reach the auditory center of the brain.
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sensorineural deafness
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A cause of deafness that is not often cured?
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sensorineural deafness
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Sensorineural deafness may be caused by drugs such as ?
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furosemide (lasix) and gentamycin
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Labrynthitis is?
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an inner ear infection that causes vertigo, nausea and unsteady gait
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A progressive deafness that begins after age 20?
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Presbycusis
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This type of hearing loss affects high frequency sounds first then low.
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Presbycusis
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80% of hearing loss is related to ______ sounds?
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high pitched
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Injury, disease, congenitl conditions, infection and degeneration are all causes of?
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visual impairments
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Enucleation is ?
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removal of the eyeball after trauma or illness.
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Causes an increased intraocular pressure on the optic nerve
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Glaucoma
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Leads to peripheral loss and blindness?
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Glaucoma
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The 2 different types of glaucoma?
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primary and secondary
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The cause of primary glaucoma?
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is unknown
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A black person is 15 times more likely to have ____ than whites?
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Glaucoma
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Causes disorders i the blood vessels that lead to the retina. Small hemorrhages in these blood vessels lead to a slow loss of vision.
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Diabetic Retinopathy
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Cerebral palsy is a _____ disorder that causes visual disturbances.
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Congenital
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_____ disorder is caused by aging?
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degenerative
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An opportunistic infection often seen in AIDS patients?
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Cytomegalovirus
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Causes retinitis, an inflammation of the retina.
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Cytomegalovirus
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The 4 types of speech disorders
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language, articulation, voice production, fluency
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an inability to understand the spoken or written word.
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Language disorder
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The loss of the ability to communicate in speech, writing, or sign.
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asphsia
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The 3 types of aphasia
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sensory, motor, global
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This type aphasia causes a person to no longer understand the spoken word. They will not respond to your questions because they can not understand what you are saying.
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Sensory
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This aphasia a person can no longer use the symbols of speech. They understand what you say, but can not articulate a response. (may respond slowly or or use the wrong words)
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Motor
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This aphasia occurs when a person has both sensory and motor aphasia. They can neither understand or respond to questions.
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Global
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A brain tumor in the Broca's region can cause this condition.
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Global aphasia
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This is also known as expressive aphasia?
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Motor
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This disorder affect the way a persons speech is heard by others.
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Articulation disorder
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Can be caused by neural damage causes a disturbance in the nerve pathway leading from the brain to the larynx, mouth, or lips.
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Articulation disorder
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With this disorder a person may leave out sounds in a word due to difficulty in pronouncatin.
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Articulation
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This disorder causes a persons voice to be affected. Will exhibit hoarseness, harshness or inappropriate pitch or may have a total loss of voice.
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Production disorder
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This disorder presents as stuttering.
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Fluency
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Morbid obesity is defined as?
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a person who is 50 to 100% or 100 lbs above ideal body weight.
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Obesity is defined as?
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a weight 20 to 30 % heavier than is normal.
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A condition that causes the body to burn calories at a slower rate.
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Hypothyroidism
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A person with Downs syndrome have ____ chromosomes?
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47
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In Downs syndrome the abnormality is usually on chromosone ___ or _____
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21 or 22
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_____ is sometimes confused with Downs syndrome?
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(FAS) fetal alcohol syndrome.
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The 3 most common types of arthritis?
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Juvenile rheumatoid, Rheumatoid, Osteoathritis.
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A connective tissue disorder that strikes before age 16?
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Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
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A degenerative joint disease most common among elderly patients?
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Osteoarthjritis
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Rheumatoid arthritis is an ____?
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autoimmune disorder
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Children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis may suffer complications of the ____ and _____?
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spleen or liver
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_____ drugs can cause hyperglycemia and decreased immunity.
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Corticosteroids
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A condition that results from an abnormally low neutrophil count. (less than 2000/mm3)
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Neutropenic
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Groshong or Hickman catheter refer to ?
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peripheral access devices
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A group of disorders caused by dammage to the cerebrum in utero or in trauma during birth.
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Cerebral palsy
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These patients have difficulty controlling motor functions.
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Cerebral palsy
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The three main types of cerebral palsy
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Spastic, athetosis, ataxia
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The most common form of cerebral palsy that forces the muscles into a state of permanent stiffness and contracture.
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Spastic
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Causes an involuntary writhing movement involving the feet, hands arms and legs.
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Athetosis
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The rarest form of cerebral palsy, causes problems with gait and balance.
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Ataxic
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Spasticity on both sides of the body.
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Diplegic
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An inherited disorder that involves the exocrine glands. Primarily in the lungs and digestive system
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Cystic Fibrosis (mucoviscidosis)
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Causes mucus formation in lungs and bronchial constriction and ateletasis or collapse of alveoli
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Cystic Fibrosis (mucoviscidosis)
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This pt has frequent lung infections, clay colored stools, clubbing of the fingers and a high concentration of chloride in the sweat.
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Cystic Fibrosis (mucoviscidosis)
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An inherited disorder that involves the exocrin glands primarily in the lungs and digestive system
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Cystic Fibrosis (mucoviscidosis)
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Causes thick mucus blockages in the small ducts of the pancreas.
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Cystic Fibrosis (mucoviscidosis)
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Causes high concentrations of chloride in the sweat, frequent lung infections, clay-colored stools, clubbing of the fingers.
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Cystic Fibrosis (mucoviscidosis)
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A disorder of the CNS that strikes between the age of 20 to 40
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Multiple sclerosis
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Causes inflammation of the myelin sheath surrounding the nerves leading to scar tissue.
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Multiple sclerosis
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Starts with a slight change in the strength of a muscle and a numbness or tingling in the affected muscle.
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Multiple sclerosis
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Hereditary disorder characterized by progressive weakness and wasting of muscle tissue.
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Musculal Dystrphy
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A disease that affects boys from 3 to 6 y/o and paralysis by age 12
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Muscular Dystrophy
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This disease eventually affects the respiratory muscles and heart.
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Muscular Dystrophy
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A communicable disease that affects the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord.
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Poliomyelitis (polio)
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Causes asymmetrical muscle weakness that leads to paralysis.
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Poliomyelitis
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Congenital abnormality that falls under neural tube defects.
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Spina Bifida
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A defect in the closure of the backbone and spinal canal.
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Spina Bifida
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A shunt will be needed in the pt with spina bifida that has _____?
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hydrocephalus.
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Between 18 and 73 % of these patients have latex allergies.
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Spina bifida
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An autoimmune disease characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles and progressive fatigue.
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Myasthenia Gravis
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Results from a problem with the neurotransmitters, which cause a blocking of nerve signals to the muscles.
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Myasthenia Gravis
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This pt complains of a complete lack of energy especially in the evening. Eyelid drooping difficulty in swallowing or chewing
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Myasthenia Gravis
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These people do not believe in intervention in sickness.
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Christian Scientists
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This act called for reduced home health care expenditures.
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Balanced budget act of 1997
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The balanced budget act of 1997 caused what?
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over crowding of emergency rooms
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An acute viral infection that triggers the production of autoantibodies, which damage the myelin sheath covering the peripheral nerves which causes rapid progressive loss of motor function.
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Guillain-Barre syndrome
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Episodic muscle weakness triggered by an autoimmune attack of the acetylcholine receptors.
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Myasthenia Gravis
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If a pt has ______, expect the entire circulatory system to be less effective and weaker.
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limited mobility
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Sensory apparatus of the body as a whole; also that portion of the brain that functions as a center of sensation.
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Sensorium
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A 10 step to injury prevention that are essential to all aspects of emergency medicine.
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William Haddon
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The chronic overproduction of mucus results from this disease.
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Bronchitis
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Stiffening and enlargement of the alvoli result from this disease
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Emphysema
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These patients are barrel chested and thin.
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Emphysema
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Sometimes referred to as reactive airway disease.
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Asthma
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Congestive heart failure secondary to pulmonary hypertension.
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Cor pulmonale
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This disease primarily affects infants of low birth weight.
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Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
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Respirator setting in which a patient- triggered breath does not result in assistance by the machine.
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Intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV)
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_____ and _____ may develope in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasis if excessive fluids are given.
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pulmonary congestion and edema
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As a group, these diseases affect respiratory action through degeneration of the muscles used for breathing.
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Neuromuscular degenerative disease
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This genetically inherited disorder causes a defect in the intracellular metabolism of muscle cells.
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Muscular Dystrophy
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This condition leads to degeneration and atrophy of muscles, which are replaced by fatty and connective tissue.
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Muscular Dystrophy
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Causes destruction of motor neurons leading to muscular atrophy, weakness and paralysis.
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Poliomyelitis
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This syndrome is usually preceded by a febrile episode with respiratory and GI infection
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Guillain=Barre Syndrome
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This disease is characterized by muscle weakness leading to paralysis caused by nerve demyelination
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Guillain-Barre syndrome
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One way to differentiate Guillain-Barre from a spinal cord injury is the _______
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increased motor involvement
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A rare disease that affects the neuronal junction.
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Myasthenia Gravis
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This disease is characterized by muscle weakness and can be more apparent in muscles proximal to the body than distal.
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Myasthenia Gravis
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These episodes are most commonly preceded by difficulty swallowing or breathing.
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Myasthenia Gravis
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Caused by relaxation of the pharynx or lack of respiratory drive.
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Sleep apnea
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People with this often suffer alterations in their blood pressure and stroke volume.
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sleep apnea
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If you intubate a stoma you must do this first.
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remove the inner cannula
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An example of negative pressure ventilator.
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Iron lung
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For a pt with ARDS use?
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PEEP
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_____ is used to keep pharyngeal structures from collapsing at the end of a breath.
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CPAP
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Hickman, Broviac and Groshong are types of?
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catheters
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The most common insertion site for a catheter is where?
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subclavian vein
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This type catheter is placed in the medial cubital vein in the antecubital fossa.
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PICC line (peripheral)
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A surgical diversion of a urinary tract to a stoma, or hole in the abdominal wall.
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Urostomies
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This type drain includes a suction bulb.
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Jackson-Pratt
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The 5 stages of grief.
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denial, anger, depression, bargaining, acceptance
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The recommended form of support for acute respiratory disorders.
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PPV
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