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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of the Skeletal system |
Support - ridgid framework of the body Protection - protects organs within the body Locomotion - provides attachment from muscles to allow movement between bones and joints Storage - essential minerals, calcium and phosphate Haemopoiesis - manufacturing blood cells in bone marrow |
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What are the 3 areas of the skeleton? |
Axial, appendicular and splanchnic |
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What is found in the axial skeleton? |
Skull, ribs, sternum, vertebrae (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal) |
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What is found in the appendicular skeleton? |
Sternum, humerus, olecranon, radius, ulna, carsus, metacarsaus, phalanges. Pelvis, femur, calcaneous, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsal, phalanges. |
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What is found in the splanchnic skeleton? |
Os penis |
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4 examples of bone shapes |
Long bone, short bone, irregular bone, flat bone Special bones - sesamoid bone, pneumatic bone and splanchnic bone |
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What is the structure of a long bone? |
Have a shaft containing medullary cavity filled with bone marrow |
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Give examples of long bones |
Femur, humerus, metacarpus, phalanges |
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What is the structure of flat bone? |
Outer layer of compact bone with a layer of spongy bone inside |
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Give examples of flat bones |
Scapula, ribs and skull |
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What is the structure of short bones? |
Outer layer of compact bone with core of calcaneous bone |
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Give examples of short bones |
Carpal and tarsal bones |
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Structure of irregular bones |
Have similar structure to short bones but in less uniform shape |
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What is an example of irregular bones |
Vertebrae, hyoid |
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What are sesampid bones? |
Bones that develop within a tendon |
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Give examples of sesamoid bones |
Patella, fabella |
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Structure of splanchnic bones |
Bone that develops soft organ and is unattached to the skeleton |
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What are the 2 types of bone? |
Compact bone and spongy (or cancellous) bone |
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Structure of compact bone |
Located on the cortex of bones. White in colour, hard and dense. Composed of units called Haversian systems. The haversian canal runs through the length of bone. Carries blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics. |
