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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the six functions of bones?
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1.Support/structure
2.Protection of some internal organs 3.With SkM allows movement 4.Contain Red Marrow which produces RBC's WBC's & Platelets. 5.contains yellow marrow 6.Store minerals |
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PARTS OF LONG BONE:
Diaphysis: |
Shaft of long bone
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Epiphysis:
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Expaned end of long bone
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Red Marrow
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Produces RBC's, WBC's, & Platelets
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Articular cartilage
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Hyaline cartilage surrounding end of epiphysis
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Peiosteum
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Fibrouses tissue completly encloses the bone except articular cartilage helps connect ligaments and tendons also helps to for and repair bone.
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Medullary Cavity
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A hollow chamber which holds Yellow marrow, blood vessels and nerves
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What are tendons and ligaments?
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1.Connects muscle to bone.Fibrouses Tissue
2.Connection of bone to bone Dense regular CT. |
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Why do bones have calcium salts and collagen fibers both?
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Calcium provides a hardness and collagen fibers provide some flexibility.
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What are osteocytes and lacunae?
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1.The mature cells of bones and form matrix.
2.The bony chambers which hold osteocytes. |
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What are osteonic canals?
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The middle of the osteon containing blood vessels and nerves.
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What are Cannliculi?
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Small canals within matrix allow nutrients to diffuse from osteonic canal to lacunae.
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What is a osteon?
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A cylinder-shaped unit including bone cells that surround a central canal.
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What is the Volkmann's canals?
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Canals that run perpendicular to osteonic canals and contain Blood vessels and nerves.
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What are the structural differences between spongy bone and compact bone?
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1.Weaker but lighter in weight
2. Very hard and strong |
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Where is compact bone found opposed to spongy bone?
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Compact bone is found in the diaphysis and spongy bone is found in the epiphysis.
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What benefits do spongy bone and compact bone give?
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1.Light weight and porouse for holding red marrow.
2. Very strong and durable. |
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What are processes?
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The part of the bone where ligaments and tendons attach
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What do most bones develop from?
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Cartilage
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How do bones lengthen?
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An epiphyseal disk seperates epiphysis form diaphysis. the epiphyseal disk cont. to grow out towards ends the cartilage is replaced by bone using osteoclasts and osteoblasts.
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How do bones widen?
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Osteoblasts under periosteum will deposit new bone.
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What is ossification?
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When cartilage is replaced by bone.
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What are ossification centers and where are they located?
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1.Point wherecartilage grows and is replaced by bone.
2.the epiphysis and diaphysis. |
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Whatis the epiphyseal disk and why is it imoirtant to bone lengthing?
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A piece of cartilage at each end of the diaphysis that grow outward and are rteplaced by bone.
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what happens to the epiphyseal disk around 20?
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Stops growing and goes away.
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What are osteoclasts and osteoblasts and their functions?
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1.Bone or cartilage destorying cells. Remove cartillage and debris for building bone.
2.Deposits new bone matrix. |
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How does th medullary cavity form?
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Osteoclasts remove bone from the center of the diaphysis.
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What does it mean to have homeostasis of bone density?
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A Stable and normal bone density.
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Why is calcium and other minerals reabsorbed from bone and emptied into the bloodstream?
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When blood mineral is low or other cells need more minerals.
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Why is excess calcium from the blood deposited in bone?
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So you have them later if needed.
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What is a joint?
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Where two bones come together.
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What is a synovial joint and why is it important?
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1.Most complex and abundant. provides lots of flexabilty between 2 bones.
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SYNOVIAL JOINTS:
Articular cartilage |
Reduces friction and acts as shock absorber.
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Subchandral plate
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Shock absorber
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Liagaments
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lines inner joint reduces friction shock absorber supplys nutrients to articular cartilage.
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Bursae
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Fluid filled sack that reduces friction between tendon and bone
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Meniscus
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fibro cartilage shock absorber between 2 bones.
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