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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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206 |
Bones in the human body. |
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Function of Bones |
1.) Attachments for muscles 2.) Give shape 3.) Protect structures 4.) Store minerals 5.) Produce blood RBC's and WBC's |
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Collogen |
Bones are made up of this (Protein) |
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Osteoblast |
Makes Collogen |
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Calcium Phosphate (CA PO4) |
Makes bones hard and dense |
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Osteocytes |
Bone cells |
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Lamellae |
Circular rings that contain osteocytes |
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Lacunae |
Compartments that contain osteocytes |
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Haversian Canals |
Openings in lamellae that blood vessels and nerves run through |
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Periosteum |
Outer protective covering of bones that are an attachment point for muscles |
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Osteoclasts |
Structures that break down bone tissues |
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Spongy Bone |
Found in the ends of bones loosely packed |
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Compact Bone |
Found in the shafts of bone very dense |
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2 Types of Bone Tissue |
1.) Spongy Bone 2.) Compact Bone |
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2 Types of Bone Marrow |
1.) Red Marrow 2.) Yellow Marrow |
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Red Marrow |
-Makes RBC's, Platelets and WBC's *Found in Spongy Bones |
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Yellow Marrow |
Makes fat Found in center of long bones |
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Classification of Bones |
1.) Long- ex.) Humerus Femur 2.) Short- ex.)Carpals Tarsals 3.) Flat- ex.) Ribs, Scapula, Skull 4.) Irregular- ex.) Vertebrae, Face 5.) Sesamoid - ex.) Patella, Hypoid |
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Parts of Bones |
1.) Epiphysis - Ends 2.) Diaphysis - Shaft 3.) Medullary Cavity - Center Opening |
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Skeletal Divisions |
1.) Axial- - Part of the body you pivot on 2.) Appendicular- Limbs |
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Endochondral Bones |
Most of the bones of the human body |
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Axial |
Parts of the body you pivot on |
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Appendicular |
Limbs |
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Factors Affecting Bone Growth |
1.) Sunlight 2.) Nutrition- Vitamin D 3.) Hormone Secretion 4.) Physical Exercise |
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Types of Fractures |
1.) Simple- Stay in place 2.) Compound- Out of position (Closed)- Does not break the skin Open- Break through the skin Traumatic- Injury Pathologic- Disease |
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Repair Steps |
1.) Hematoma Forms 2.) Osteoblasts Form 3.) Spongy Bone Forms 4.) Spongy Bone Ossifies-(Hardens from a callus) 5.) Compact Bone Forms |
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Joint |
Point where two bones meet |
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Joint Types |
1.) Synarthrotic- (Sutures)- Immovable Joints Ex.) Skull 2.) Amphiarthrotic- Slightly movable Ex.) Vertebrae 3.) Diarthrotic- Freely Move Ex.) Knee Elbow |
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Types of Diarthrotic Joints |
1.) Bull and Socket- Ex.) Shoulder 2.) Hinge- Ex.) Elbow and Knee 3.) Saddle- Ex.) Between thumb and hand 4.) Pivot- Ex,) Between hand and neck 5.) Condyloid- Ex.) Between hand and fingers 6.) Gliding- Ex.) Ankles and wrists |
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Joint Disorders |
Dislocation- Subluxation Partial Discloation Luxations Complete Dislocation Sprains- Stretch a Ligaments Strains- Stretch a Tendon/Muscle Bursitis- Swollen Bursal Sacs Arthritis- Swelling in a joint a.) Rheumatoid Arthritis WBS's Damage tissue b.) Osteoarthritis- Wear and tear on joints |
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Sprains |
Stretch a Ligaments |
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Strains |
Stretch a Tendon/Muscle |
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Bursitis |
Swollen Bursal Sacs |
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Arthritis |
Swelling in a joint |
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Articular Cartilage |
1.) Reduce Friction 2.) Spread out compression on bones |
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Meniscus |
Wedges of tissues that stabilizes and conditions the joint. |
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Bursal Sacs |
Sacs that are fluid with fluid to reduce friction |
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Tendons |
Connect muscle to bone |
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Ligaments |
Connect bone to bone |
