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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Osteoma - textbook common location?
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skull and facial bones
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osteoid osteoma - textbook common location?
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diaphysis of distal femur and proximal tibia
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Osteoma is associated with what syndrome? What are the features of the syndrome?
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Gardner Syndrome (variant of FAP)
• Osteomas - Primarily in the mandible • Desmoid tumours • Dental abnormalities • CHRPE (congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium) • Skin tumours • Extracolonic cancers |
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Features of osteoid osteoma?
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self-limited growth: <2cm
Classical presentation of osteoid osteoma pain at night - relieved by aspirin Age <25 yo |
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Classical presentation of osteoid osteoma?
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Pain worse at night - relieved by aspirin, in a young patient (<25 yo)
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Osteoblastoma - what differentiates it from osteoid osteoma?
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- size of osteoblastoma tends to >2cm - it is not self-limited in growth
- osteoblastoma affects the spine>long bones - osteoid osteoma tends to affect the diaphysis of distal femur and proximal tibia - pain not relieved by aspirin when it is present? |
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What is the pain pattern of osteoblastoma?
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Usually not localized
When present, not relieved by aspirin |
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Osteoclastoma appearance on imaging?
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Soap bubble lesions near joint surfaces
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Epidemiology of osteoclastoma (Sex, age)
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Females more affected -- unlike all other bone tumours
20-40 years old |
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Osteochondroma facts
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most common benign tumour
occurs most commonly in males, as with most bone tumours except osteoclastoma |
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Description of osteochondroma mass?
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Hard painless mass that has been there for years
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What part of the bone does an osteochondroma come from?
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metaphysis
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Risk of an osteochondroma transforming into a chondrosarcoma?
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1% risk
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Enchondroma risk of transforming in a malignant chondrosarcoma?
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2% risk
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What bones does an enchondroma usually affect?
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small bones: hands and feet
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Appearance of enchondroma on imaging?
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radiolucent lesions; with popcorn-like calcifications
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enchondroma arises from which part of the bone?
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diaphysis
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(Dr najeeb voice) What is the MOST important thing you need to know about osteosarcoma? No. Let me say it another way. What should every doctor... every good doctor, know about osteosarcoma?
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It is the most common malignant primary bone tumour!
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What is the most common site for osteosarcoma?
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distal femur and proximal tibia
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Lab findings for osteosarcoma?
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>50% have elevated ALP
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Xray findings for osteosarcoma?
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sunburst pattern (calcification of malignant osteoid) and codman's triangle
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risk factors for osteosarcoma?
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paget's, rb, fibrous dysplasia, irradiation
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Osteosarcoma commonly has mets at presentation. Where are the common sites
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lungs
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Common sites for chondrosarcoma
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pelvis, shoulder girdle
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Chondrosarcoma common presentation
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swelling and pain (localized)
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Age chondrosarcoma affects
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older (30-60)
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xray findings of chondrosarcoma
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- Radiolucent lesion with reactive thickening of the cortex
- Intralesional speckled calcification • Diffuse salt and pepper patter • OR Punctate popcorn pattern • Suggestive of presence of cartilage |
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Ewing's sarcoma - histological findings
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small round blue cell tumor
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Ewing sarcoma - who does it commonly affect?
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Young population (5-30)... rarely those over 30
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Common location of Ewing's sarcoma?
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pelvis and long bone diaphysis of young males
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Symptoms of ewing's sarcoma?
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Painful enlarging mass
Constitutional symptoms as well |
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Lab findings for ewing's sarcoma?
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Elevated ESR, WBC and LDH
Karyotype analysis = 85% have a 11:22 translocation |
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Xray findings of ewing's sarcoma?
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onion skin periosteal reaction
large destructive lesion = Moth eaten appearance |
