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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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diaphysis |
long shaft of bone |
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epiphysis |
ends of bone |
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epiphyseal plate |
growth plate of bone |
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metaphysis |
between diaphysis and epiphysis of bone |
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articular cartilage |
covers epiphysis |
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periosteum |
membrane on outer layer of bone, pain sensitive |
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sharpey's fibers |
attaches periosteom to bone, |
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medullary canal |
hollow middle of bone |
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endosteom |
membrane that lines medullary cavity |
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osteoprogenitor cells |
derived from mesenchyme, unspecialized stem cells, turn into osteoblasts, found on inner surface of periosteom |
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osteoblasts |
baby bone cells, secrete collagen |
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osteocyte |
mature bone cell, exchange of nutriets and waste with blood |
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osteoclasts |
bone resorbing cells, responsible for growth, maintenance and bone repair. |
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bone formation (ossification) |
two ways: intramembranous ossification, endochondral ossification |
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hyaline cartilage |
most abundant, articular and costal cartilage, tip of nose |
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intramembranous ossification |
makes flat bones of skull, mandible, clavicles, vascularized mesenchyme cells starts process |
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endochondral ossification |
mesenchyme to chrondroblasts then perichondrium develops, chondrocytes develop, swell and burst. osteoprogenitors make osteocytes than fill spaces of dead chondrocytes. |
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interstitial growth |
growth that inceases length |
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appositional growth |
growth that inceases width |
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parathyroid hormone |
aka PTH, causes calcium release from bones into blood |
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calcitonin |
causes calcium to be deposited into bone |
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closed reduction |
bone ends coaxed back to place by manipulation |
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open reduction |
surgical manipulation of broken bones |
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simple/closed fracture |
bone breaks cleanly, does not penetrate skin |
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compound/open fracture |
bone protrudes from skin |
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comminuted |
many pieces of bone fragments |
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compression |
bone is crushed |
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depressed |
broken bone pressed inward |
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colles' fracture |
posterior displacement of distal in or radius (fall back on wrists, extension back) |
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smith's fracture |
antieror displacement of distal radius (fall with wrists flexed under) |
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transverse |
break across long axis of bone |
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impacted |
broken ends forced into each other |
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spiral |
ragged break, result of twisting |
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epiphyseal |
break at growth plate |
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greenstick |
bone breaks incompletely |
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pott's fracture |
malleolus of tibia and fibula break (ankle) |
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long bone |
limb bones |
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short bone |
carpals and tarsals |
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flat bones |
cranium, sternum, scapula, two layes of compact with spongy middle |
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diploë |
spongy middle of flat bones |
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irregular bones |
vertebrae |
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fissure |
narrow, slit openening |
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foramen |
hole in bone |
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fossa |
shallow depression |
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sulcus/meatus/canal |
canal-like passageway |
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sinus |
cavity in bone |
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groove |
furrow in bone |
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process |
bony prominance |
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tuberosity |
large round projection |
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crest |
narrow ridge of bone |
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trochantor |
very large, blunt, irregular shaped process |
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line |
narrow ridge of bone, smaller than crest |
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tubercle |
small rounded projection |
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epicondyle |
raised areab above condyle |
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spine |
sharp slendor often pointed |
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axial skeleton |
skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage (80 bones) |
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appendicular skeleton |
arms, legs, pectoral and pelvic girdles (126 bones) |
