Bone Tissue

Front 1

Connective tissue in which the matrix is hardened by the depostion of calcium phospate and other minerals

Back 1

bone or osseous tissue

Front 2

the harding process of bone is called

Back 2

mineralization of calcification

Front 3

shapes of bones

Back 3

long, short, flat, irregular

Front 4

bones that are longer than wide

Back 4

long bones

Front 5

bones that are nearly equal in length to width

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short bones

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bones that enclose and protect soft organs and provide broad surfaces for muscle attachment

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flat bones

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have elaborate shapes, include vertebra and sone skull bones

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irregular bones

Front 8

Dense white osseous tissue

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compact bone

Front 9

enclose cylindrical space that contains bone marrow

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medually cavity or marrow cavity

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at the ends of the bones, loosely organized osseous tissue

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spongy bone

Front 11

the skeleton is 3/4 ________________ and 1/4 ________________.

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Compact bone; Spongy bone

Front 12

The shaft of a long bone, provides leverage

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diaphysis

Front 13

at the ends of long bones, enlarged to strengthen joint and provide surface area

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epiphysis

Front 14

The joint surface where one bone meets another is covered with a layer of hyaline cartilage called

Back 14

articular cartiglage

Front 15

blood vessels that penetrate into the bone through minute holes are called

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nutrient foramina

Front 16

exterally the bone is covered with a sheath called the

Back 16

periosteum

Front 17

internal surface of the bone is lined with a thin layer of reticular tissue with cells that dissolve osseous tissue and others that deposit it

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endosteum

Front 18

hyaline cartilage that separates the marrow spaces of the epiphysis and diaphysis

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epiphyseal plate

Front 19

marks where the epiphyseal plate used to be

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epiphyseal line

Front 20

spongy layer in the cranium

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diploe

Front 21

stem cells that develop from embryonic mesenchymal cells and then give rise to most other bone types

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osteogenic cells

Front 22

some go on to become osteoblasts

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osteogenic cells

Front 23

bone forming cells

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osteoblasts

Front 24

roughly cuboidal or angular and line up in a single layer on the bone surface

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osteoblasts

Front 25

osteoblasts trapped in the matrix they formed

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osteocytes

Front 26

bone dissolving cells found on the bone surface

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osteoclasts

Front 27

crystalized calcium phosphate, 85% of inorganic matter

Back 27

hydroxyapatite

Front 28

soft tissue that occupies the marrow cavity of a long bone and the spaces amid spongy bone

Back 28

bone marrow

Front 29

in children the marrow of everybone is filled with ___________, tissue that produces red blood cells

Back 29

red marrow

Front 30

fatty, no longer produces blood, in medullary cavity

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yellow marrow

Front 31

bone formation

Back 31

ossification or osteogenesis

Front 32

bone dissolving cells found on the bone surface

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osteoclasts

Front 33

two methods of ossification

Back 33

intramembraneous and endochondral

Front 34

bone dissolving cells found on the bone surface

Back 34

osteoclasts

Front 35

crystalized calcium phosphate, 85% of inorganic matter

Back 35

hydroxyapatite

Front 36

produces flat bones of the skull, and most of the clavicle

Back 36

intramembraneous ossification

Front 37

crystalized calcium phosphate, 85% of inorganic matter

Back 37

hydroxyapatite

Front 38

soft tissue that occupies the marrow cavity of a long bone and the spaces amid spongy bone

Back 38

bone marrow

Front 39

process by which bone develops from a preexisting model composed of hyaline cartilage

Back 39

endochondral ossification

Front 40

soft tissue that occupies the marrow cavity of a long bone and the spaces amid spongy bone

Back 40

bone marrow

Front 41

in children the marrow of everybone is filled with ___________, tissue that produces red blood cells

Back 41

red marrow

Front 42

region of chondrocyte enlargement

Back 42

primary ossification center

Front 43

fatty, no longer produces blood, in medullary cavity

Back 43

yellow marrow

Front 44

in children the marrow of everybone is filled with ___________, tissue that produces red blood cells

Back 44

red marrow

Front 45

bone formation

Back 45

ossification or osteogenesis

Front 46

fatty, no longer produces blood, in medullary cavity

Back 46

yellow marrow

Front 47

two methods of ossification

Back 47

intramembraneous and endochondral

Front 48

bone formation

Back 48

ossification or osteogenesis

Front 49

produces flat bones of the skull, and most of the clavicle

Back 49

intramembraneous ossification

Front 50

process by which bone develops from a preexisting model composed of hyaline cartilage

Back 50

endochondral ossification

Front 51

two methods of ossification

Back 51

intramembraneous and endochondral

Front 52

produces flat bones of the skull, and most of the clavicle

Back 52

intramembraneous ossification

Front 53

region of chondrocyte enlargement

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primary ossification center

Front 54

process by which bone develops from a preexisting model composed of hyaline cartilage

Back 54

endochondral ossification

Front 55

region of chondrocyte enlargement

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primary ossification center

Front 56

step in endochrondral ossification, blood vessels invade the bony collar and invade the primary ossification center

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step 3

Front 57

as the center of the endchondral ossification center isa hollowed out and filled with blood and stem cells it become the

Back 57

primary marrow cavity

Front 58

the region of transition from cartilage to bone and the end of each marrow cavity

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metaphysis

Front 59

a thin wall of cartilage separating the primary and secondary marrow cavities at one or both ends of the bone.

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epiphyseal plate

Front 60

the transition zone of the epiphyseal plate

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metaphysis

Front 61

region farthest from the marro cavity consists of typical hyaline cartilage, no sign of tranforming into bone

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zone of reserve cartilage

Front 62

chondrocytes multiply and arrange themselves into longitudinal columns of flattened lacunae

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zone of cell proliferation

Front 63

finished with mitosis, enlargement (hypertrophy) of chondrocytes and thining of lacuna walls

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zone of cell hypertrophy

Front 64

temporary calcification of cartilage matrix between columns of lacunae

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zone of calcification

Front 65

breakdown of lacuna walls leaving open channels; death of chondrocytes; bone desopition by osteoblasts form trabeculae of spongy bone

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zone of bone depostion

Front 66

cartilage growth from within, by the multiplication of chondrocytes and desposition of new matrix in the inferior is

Back 66

interstitial growth

Front 67

continual growth in diameter and thickness of bone

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appositional growth

Front 68

architecture of bone determined by the mechanical stresses placed upon it

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Wolff's law of bone

Front 69

long bone stop growing in childhood

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Achondroplastic dwafism

Front 70

deficiency of growth hormone stunts the growth of all bones

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Pituitary Dwarfism

Front 71

absorption of old bone and depopsitionof new

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bone remodeling

Front 72

crystallization process in which calcium, phospate, and other ions are taken from the blood plasma and deposited into bone tissue, mainly as crystals of hydroxyapatite

Back 72

mineral deposition

Front 73

bone dissolved and minerals released into the blood

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mineral resorption

Front 74

calcium deficiency

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hypocalcemia

Front 75

inability of muscle to relaxed, caused by hypocalcemia

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tetany

Front 76

blood calcium excess

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hypercalcemia