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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Calcium carbonate requires ________for absorption
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stomach acidity
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The most common adverse effect of calcium is _______
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constipation
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What is the sponge-like bone in the ends of long bones and vertebrae?
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Trabecular bone
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What is the hard outer shell of bones and the middle of long bones?
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Cortical bone
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Parathormone (PTH)-net effect is to increase plasma calcium and decrease __________
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phosphate concentration
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In the KIDNEY- PTH stimulates reabsorption of calcium by the ___________.
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renal tubules
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Bone resorption is the normal destruction of bone by _______ which are indirectly stimulated by PTH
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osteoclasts
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PTH in low and intermittent doses may increase the bone formation without first stimulating bone resorption. This has led to the approval of what for the treatment of osteoporosis?
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Teriparatide
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What type of Vitamin D is produced in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol under the influence of ultra-violet light?
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Vitamin D-3
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Vitamin D regulates the calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood by promoting their absorption from food in the _________, and by promoting re-absorption of calcium in the _________.
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intestines; kidneys
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At very high levels Vitamin D will promote __________.
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the resorption of bone
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Vitamin D inhibits _________secretion from the parathyroid gland
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parathyroid hormone
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Calcitriol’s primary effect is on the _________ where it increase dietary calcium and phosphate absorption
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small intestine
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_________ is a synthetic derivative of calcitriol or Vitamin D. It is used in the treatment of psoriasis, marketed under the trade name Dovonex or Daivonex.
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Calcipotriol (INN) or calcipotriene (USAN)
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What am I?
-adsorbs to hydroxyapatite and become a part of the bone structure. -are slowly released from the bone during the bone remodeling |
Biphosphonates
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In confirmed osteoporosis, bisphosphonate drugs are the first-line treatment in _______
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women
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What are the most often prescribed bisphosphonates?
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sodium alendronate (Fosamax) 10 mg a day or 70 mg once a week, risedronate (Actonel) 5 mg a day or 35 mg once a week and or ibandronate (Boniva) once a month
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___________is a chronic disorder that typically results in enlarged and deformed bones
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Paget's disease, otherwise known as osteitis deformans
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What is released in response to increased plasma calcium and it decrease plasma calcium?
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Calcitonin
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Calcitonin is secreted by the _________of the thyroid gland
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parafollicular cells
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Excessive dose of fluoride causes __________.
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osteosclerosis
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What is Osteopenia?
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Osteopenia refers to bone mineral density (BMD) that is lower than normal peak BMD but not low enough to be classified as osteoporosis
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