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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which is for flat bones: membranous or endochondral ossification?
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membranous
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in which bone growth process is cartilage involved: endochondrial or membranous
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endochondral
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inheritance pattern of achondroplasia
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AD
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What is impaired in achondroplasia
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FGFR (fibroblast growth factor receptor) mutation -
impaired cartilage maturation in growth plate failure of longitudinal bone growth |
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Difference between type I and II osteoporosis
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I is postmenopausal and involves decreased estrogen levels
II affects very old men and women |
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cause of osteopetrosis
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genetic deficincy of carbonic anhydrase II
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erlenmeyer flask bones that flare out
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osteopetrosis
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cause of osteitis fibrosa cystica
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hyperPTH
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"brown tumors"
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osteitis fibrosa cystica
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hat size increased
hearing diminished |
Paget's disease of bone (osteitis deformans)
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bone disease wit increased alkaline phosphatase
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Paget's disease (osteitis deformans)
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What is a precursor to osteogenic sarcoma
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Paget's disease of bone
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multiple unilateral bone lesions
endocrine abnormalities like precocious puberty unilateral pigmented skin lesions |
McCune-Albright, a form of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
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new piece of bone grows on another piece of bone, often in the skull
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osteoma
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What is Gardner's syndrome (FAP) associated with?
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osteoma
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Man under 25
osteoma < 2 cm proximal tibia and femur trabeculae of woven bone surrounded by osteoblasts |
osteoid osteoma
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>2cm
larger osteomas (than in osteoid osteoma) found in vertebral column |
osteoblastoma
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20-40 years
tumor at epiphysis distal femur, proximal tibia "double bubble" or "soap bubble" on xray spindle-shaped cells with giant cells |
Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma)
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most common benign bone tumor
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osteochondroma
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men<25 years of age
mature bone with cartilaginous cap originates in long metaphysis |
osteochondroma (exostosis)
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benign cartilaginous neoplasm found in intramedullary bone
distal extremities |
enchondroma
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most common malignant tumor of bone
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multiple myeloma
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2nd most common malignant tumor of bone
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osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma)
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men 10-20 years
metaphysis of long bones, often around distal femur, proximal tibial Codman's triangle or sunburst pattern on xray |
osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma)
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bone tumor associated with familial retinoblastoma
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osteosarcoma
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Codman's triangle or sunburst pattern on xray
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oosteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma)
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small blue cell tumor
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Ewing's sarcoma
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boys < 15
onion skin appearance in bone commonly appears in diaphysis of long bones, pelvis, scapula and ribs |
Ewing's sarcoma
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men aged 30-60
expansile glistening mass within medullary cavity |
chondrosarcoma
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benign or malignant: osteochondroma
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only rarely malignant transformation to chondrosarcoma
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benign or malignant: enchondroma
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benign
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benign or malignant? giant cell osteoclastoma
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benign
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benign or malignant? osteosarcoma
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malignant
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benign or malignant? Ewing's sarcoma
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malignant
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benign or malignant? Chondrosarcoma
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malignant
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bone tumor in epiphysis
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giant cell osteoclastoma
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bone tumor in metaphysis
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benign: osteochondroma
malignant: osteosarcoma |
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bone tumor in diaphysis
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benign: osteoid osteoma
malignant: ewing's sarcoma |
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bone tumor in intramedullary
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benign: enchondroma
malignant: chondrosarcoma |
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Heberden's nodes
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DIP in osteoarthritis
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Bouchard's nodes
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PIP joints in osteoarthritis
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pain in weight bearing joints after use
improves with rest no systemic symptoms PIP and DIP involvement |
osteoarthritis
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subchondral cysts
sclerosis of bone osteophytes eburnation destruction of articular cartilage |
osteoarthritis
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