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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Skeletal System
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composed of bones, cartilage and joints that form the internal framework
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Costal Cartilage
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connect the ribs to the sternum
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Perichondrium
(per" i kon dre-um) |
membrane that covers the external surface if cartilage
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Chrondocytes
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Mature form of a cartilage cell
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Chondroblasts
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actively miotic form of a cartilage cell
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appostional growth
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growth from the outside, makes new cartilage by secreting matrix
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interstitial growth
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growth from with in, chondroblasts divide and secrete new matrix
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Functions of Bone
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1) support 2) movement 3) protection 4) mineral storage 5)Blood Cell formation/energy storage 6) energy metablosim
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red bone marrow
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creates blood cells
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yellow bone marrow
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fat storage
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osteoid
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bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts
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compact bone
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external layer
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spongy bone
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internal layer
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perforating fibers
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attaches the periosteum to underlying bone
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diploe
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spongy bone in flat bones
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interstitial lamellae
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incomplete lamellae
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Intramembranous Ossification
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develop membrane bones from the mescenchymal membrane
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Endochondra Ossification
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endochondra bone develops from hyaline cartilage
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epophyseal plates
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AKA growth plates, responsible for the lengthening of bones
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bone remodeling
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act of bone formation and destruction in response to mechanical and hormonal factors
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bone resorption
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done by osteoclasts, break down bone tissue
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bone deposition
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done by osteoblasts, put down osteiod on bone sirface
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simple fracture
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bones break cleanly but do not penetrate the surface
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compound fracture
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broken bones protrude through the skin
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reduction
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realignment of broken bones
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open reduction
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done in surgery, typically pins and wires are needed to hold the bone together
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closed reduction
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broken bones coaxed together with hands
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steps of healing a fracture
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1) hematoma forms 2) fibrocartilaginous callus form 3) bany callus froms 4) bone remodeling
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osteoporosis
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low bone mass, deterioration of bone
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osteomalacia
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soft bones, inadequately mineralized
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