Bone Anatomy

Front 1

what are the 5 skeletal functions

Back 1

-structure/support

-protection

-movement

-mineral storage

-hemopoieses

Front 2

what are the 5 bone shapes

Back 2

long bone, short bone, flat bone, sesamoid bone, and irregular bone

Front 3

osteoblasts

Back 3

cells that layout calcified matrix and build new bone tissue

Front 4

osteocytes

Back 4

cement themselves into a lacuna and become functioning bone cells

Front 5

osteoclast

Back 5

dissolve or break down old or damaged bone cells

Front 6

what is endochondral ossification

Back 6

bones being created from cartilage

Front 7

diaphysis

Back 7

shaft/central part of long bone that contains bone marrow

Front 8

diaphysis

Back 8

shaft/central part of long bone that contains bone marrow

Front 9

epiphysis

Back 9

end of long bone or part of bone separated from main body of bone

Front 10

epiphyseal plate

Back 10

flat bone in between epiphysis and metaphysis (part of bone that grows)

Front 11

diaphysis

Back 11

shaft/central part of long bone that contains bone marrow

Front 12

epiphysis

Back 12

end of long bone or part of bone separated from main body of bone

Front 13

epiphyseal plate

Back 13

flat bone in between epiphysis and metaphysis (part of bone that grows)

Front 14

epiphyseal line

Back 14

the line marking where the site of an epiphyseal plate has stopped growing and become ossified

Front 15

diaphysis

Back 15

shaft/central part of long bone that contains bone marrow

Front 16

epiphysis

Back 16

end of long bone or part of bone separated from main body of bone

Front 17

epiphyseal plate

Back 17

flat bone in between epiphysis and metaphysis (part of bone that grows)

Front 18

epiphyseal line

Back 18

the line marking where the site of an epiphyseal plate has stopped growing and become ossified

Front 19

medullary cavity

Back 19

cavity of diaphysis that contains bone marrow

Front 20

epiphyseal line

Back 20

the line marking where the site of an epiphyseal plate has stopped growing and become ossified

Front 21

articular cartilage

Back 21

smooth slippery white surface that lines surface of joints

Front 22

diaphysis

Back 22

shaft/central part of long bone that contains bone marrow

Front 23

epiphyseal plate

Back 23

flat bone in between epiphysis and metaphysis (part of bone that grows)

Front 24

epiphyseal line

Back 24

the line marking where the site of an epiphyseal plate has stopped growing and become ossified

Front 25

medullary cavity

Back 25

cavity of diaphysis that contains bone marrow

Front 26

articular cartilage

Back 26

smooth slippery white surface that lines surface of joints

Front 27

endosteum

Back 27

membrane lining the inner surface of the bony wall

Front 28

diaphysis

Back 28

shaft/central part of long bone that contains bone marrow

Front 29

epiphysis

Back 29

end of long bone or part of bone separated from main body of bone

Front 30

epiphyseal plate

Back 30

flat bone in between epiphysis and metaphysis (part of bone that grows)

Front 31

epiphyseal line

Back 31

the line marking where the site of an epiphyseal plate has stopped growing and become ossified

Front 32

medullary cavity

Back 32

cavity of diaphysis that contains bone marrow

Front 33

articular cartilage

Back 33

smooth slippery white surface that lines surface of joints

Front 34

endosteum

Back 34

membrane lining the inner surface of the bony wall

Front 35

periosteum

Back 35

sheath bone that provides nutrient blood for bone cells and covers outside surface of the bone -life support for bones

Front 36

diaphysis

Back 36

shaft/central part of long bone that contains bone marrow

Front 37

epiphysis

Back 37

end of long bone or part of bone separated from main body of bone

Front 38

epiphyseal plate

Back 38

flat bone in between epiphysis and metaphysis (part of bone that grows)

Front 39

epiphyseal line

Back 39

the line marking where the site of an epiphyseal plate has stopped growing and become ossified

Front 40

medullary cavity

Back 40

cavity of diaphysis that contains bone marrow

Front 41

articular cartilage

Back 41

smooth slippery white surface that lines surface of joints

Front 42

endosteum

Back 42

membrane lining the inner surface of the bony wall

Front 43

periosteum

Back 43

sheath bone that provides nutrient blood for bone cells and covers outside surface of the bone -life support for bones

Front 44

trabeculae

Back 44

spongy material composed of hard and soft tissue that can be found at the epiphysis

Front 45

diaphysis

Back 45

shaft/central part of long bone that contains bone marrow

Front 46

epiphysis

Back 46

end of long bone or part of bone separated from main body of bone

Front 47

epiphyseal plate

Back 47

flat bone in between epiphysis and metaphysis (part of bone that grows)

Front 48

epiphyseal line

Back 48

the line marking where the site of an epiphyseal plate has stopped growing and become ossified

Front 49

medullary cavity

Back 49

cavity of diaphysis that contains bone marrow

Front 50

articular cartilage

Back 50

smooth slippery white surface that lines surface of joints

Front 51

endosteum

Back 51

membrane lining the inner surface of the bony wall

Front 52

periosteum

Back 52

sheath bone that provides nutrient blood for bone cells and covers outside surface of the bone -life support for bones

Front 53

trabeculae

Back 53

spongy material composed of hard and soft tissue that can be found at the epiphysis

Front 54

cancellous (spongy) bone

Back 54

spongy/honeycomb like bone found at the end of long bones

Front 55

compact bone

Back 55

dense bone in long bones

Front 56

compact bone

Back 56

dense bone in long bones

Front 57

red marrow

Back 57

substance composed of red and white blood cells found in reticular tissue

Front 58

yellow marrow

Back 58

fatty connective tissue that replaces red marrow in epiphysis, medullary cavities, and cancellous bone

Front 59

nutrient artery branches

Back 59

major supplier of oxygen and nutrient to the shaft or body of a bone

Front 60

osteon

Back 60

bone cell found in bone tissue

Front 61

osteon

Back 61

bone cell found in bone tissue

Front 62

haversian canal

Back 62

centre canal of bone containing blood vessels, nerves, and fluid

Front 63

osteon

Back 63

bone cell found in bone tissue

Front 64

haversian canal

Back 64

centre canal of bone containing blood vessels, nerves, and fluid

Front 65

lamellae

Back 65

bone layers

Front 66

osteon

Back 66

bone cell found in bone tissue

Front 67

haversian canal

Back 67

centre canal of bone containing blood vessels, nerves, and fluid

Front 68

lamellae

Back 68

bone layers

Front 69

lacuna

Back 69

space containing osteocyte

Front 70

osteon

Back 70

bone cell found in bone tissue

Front 71

haversian canal

Back 71

centre canal of bone containing blood vessels, nerves, and fluid

Front 72

lamellae

Back 72

bone layers

Front 73

lacuna

Back 73

space containing osteocyte

Front 74

canaliculi

Back 74

tiny canals containing cytoplasm processes of osteocyte

Front 75

osteon

Back 75

bone cell found in bone tissue

Front 76

haversian canal

Back 76

centre canal of bone containing blood vessels, nerves, and fluid

Front 77

lamellae

Back 77

bone layers

Front 78

lacuna

Back 78

space containing osteocyte

Front 79

canaliculi

Back 79

tiny canals containing cytoplasm processes of osteocyte

Front 80

what are ossicles

Back 80

three of the smallest bones in the body found in the ear that transmit vibrations that consists of the malleus, incus, and stapes

Front 81

osteon

Back 81

bone cell found in bone tissue

Front 82

haversian canal

Back 82

centre canal of bone containing blood vessels, nerves, and fluid

Front 83

lamellae

Back 83

bone layers

Front 84

lacuna

Back 84

space containing osteocyte

Front 85

canaliculi

Back 85

tiny canals containing cytoplasm processes of osteocyte

Front 86

what are ossicles

Back 86

three of the smallest bones in the body found in the ear that transmit vibrations that consists of the malleus, incus, and stapes

Front 87

describe diarthrotic joints (and common name)

Back 87

synovial/diarthrotic joints are freely and slightly moveable, found between bones that move against eachother, and have cavities filled with fluid that separate bones

Front 88

describe amphiarthrotic joints (and its common name)

Back 88

cartilagenous joints are slightly moveable to immovable, found at ends of bones held together by cartilage, and do not have joint cavity

Hint 88

**ribs joining to sternum

Front 89

describe synarthrotic joint articulations (and its common name)

Back 89

fibrous joints that are immovable, held together by connective tissue, and do not have a joint cavity

Hint 89

**sutures of the skull

Front 90

where can hinge joints be found

Back 90

knees and elbows

Front 91

where can hinge joints be found

Back 91

knees and elbows

Front 92

where can saddle joints be found

Back 92

base of thumbs/metacarpals

Front 93

where can hinge joints be found

Back 93

knees and elbows

Front 94

where can saddle joints be found

Back 94

base of thumbs/metacarpals

Front 95

where can ball and socket joints be found

Back 95

hip and shoulders

Front 96

where can hinge joints be found

Back 96

knees and elbows

Front 97

where can saddle joints be found

Back 97

base of thumbs/metacarpals

Front 98

where can ball and socket joints be found

Back 98

hip and shoulders

Front 99

where can ellipsoid/condyloid joints be found

Back 99

wrist joint

Front 100

where can hinge joints be found

Back 100

knees and elbows

Front 101

where can saddle joints be found

Back 101

base of thumbs/metacarpals

Front 102

where can ball and socket joints be found

Back 102

hip and shoulders

Front 103

where can ellipsoid/condyloid joints be found

Back 103

wrist joint

Front 104

where can pivot joints be found

Back 104

on the rotation of the atlas and axis (C1 and C2)

Front 105

where can hinge joints be found

Back 105

knees and elbows

Front 106

where can saddle joints be found

Back 106

base of thumbs/metacarpals

Front 107

where can ball and socket joints be found

Back 107

hip and shoulders

Front 108

where can ellipsoid/condyloid joints be found

Back 108

wrist joint

Front 109

where can pivot joints be found

Back 109

on the rotation of the atlas and axis (C1 and C2)

Front 110

where can gliding/plane joints be found

Back 110

T7 twisting on T8

Front 111

how many total bones are in the human skeleton

Back 111

206

Front 112

how many total bones are in the human skeleton

Back 112

206

Front 113

difference between scoliosis, lordosis, and kyphosis

Back 113

scoliosis is the sideways curvature of the spine, lordosis in the inward curvature of the lumbar spine, kyphosis is the excessive curvature of the upper spine

Front 114

what does RICE stand for

Back 114

R- rest

I- ice

C- compression

E- elevation