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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Command presence |
The manner that indicates the officer is in full command of their faculties and emotions; The outward APPEARANCE that the officer has the abilities and qualities to take command of any situation. |
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Common sense |
Innate ability to make sound judgments
Common sense should help guide the officers actions |
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proxemics |
study of how we structure our space |
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Body language |
Visual effect when dealing with the public. |
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What is a crime scene |
The area that contains the trail of the crime, often it is the only link between the suspect and the crime. |
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As a first responder at a crime scene, what does summoning mean? |
Additional assistance |
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What does it mean to maintain the status quo at a crime scene? |
The integrity of the crime scene. Leave it as you found it. |
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As a first responder to a death case, What is the preliminary (first) step? |
Establish victims identity |
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Coroners duty is to do what? |
Identify deceased and notify next of kin. |
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Whose job is it to take proper notes and answer the: who, what, when, where, how, and why questions? |
First responding officer |
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As an officer on the scene, should you ever mark evidence? |
No because you hender the possibility of it being used as evidence in court. |
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Evidence |
Things or their traces, and/or witnesses |
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Three basic types of evidence |
Testimonial- witness, expert statements
Documentary- any paper evidence, reports, finding, receipts
Real- weapons, tools, clothing |
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The first priority in searching for and collecting evidence should be given to what? |
Deteriorating evidence such as blood, saliva, seminal fluid |
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The appropriate steps to inventorying property |
Protect items from further damage
Mark The property.
Maintain Chaim of custody |
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Physical evidence can be obtained from |
SVS: scene, victim, suspect
NOT witnesses |
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The quality of evidence can be judged by the 3 p's |
Probability of being associated with a particular item in possession of a suspect. |
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To have evidentiary value in court, the item must prove that |
The crime has occurred, it is an associative item, or its used as a reference standard. |
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Mutually Exclusive Event - |
the occurrence of one event precludes another. |
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Should you wrap an item potentially dusted for fingerprints in a towel? |
NEVER |
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When dealing with blood and fluids |
Do not mix specimens
Store in refrigerator or freezer |
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When handling dry semen/seminal fluid stains, the officer will handle it the same as what |
Dried blood |
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What is always used to determining the M/O |
The HOW |
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To Determine that an item is in fact stolen, you must do what |
Locate the rightful owner |
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When investigating a burglary the officer should identify the suspects |
Modus operandi
(physical evidence time of occurrence and possible suspects) |
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The best way to trace stolen items can be done by using what |
VINs and Serial numbers
Markings |
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Hair can be used to determine what |
Race and possible DNA comparison |
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Hair should be sealed how |
First in the paper envelope. second in a clear glass jar |
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Firearms should never be handled how? |
By placing something in the barrel or trigger guard. |
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Chain of custody is used to prove that |
The evidence is the same as it was when it was found at the scene and there has been no opportunity to alter the evidence. |
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Firearms found in water should be transported how? |
Submerged and transported in the same water |
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When handling bullets and spent shell casings is it okay to mark them? |
No. You should never mark. |
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Interview |
A non-accusatory conversation in which through questions and answers the police interviewer tries to develop investigative and behavioral information that will test the veracity of statements made by a suspect victim or witness |
Talkin to people |
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Interrogation |
And accusatory procedure designed to elicit from the subject and acknowledgment that they did not tell the truth during an initial statement whether that person is a suspect who originally denied involvement in an incident or a victim who fabricated the nature of the alleged offense. a formal and systematic questioning or a controlled dialogue |
Talkin to Bad people |
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Proxemics |
Space. Study of the nature degree and effect of the special separation of individuals naturally maintained in various social and interpersonal relationships and the manner in which this spacial separation relates to environmental and cultural factors |
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Perceptions tend to be inaccurate when under what |
Stress |
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Link method is used to do what |
Process a crime scene that involves two or more locations |
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When inside a crime scene how should you conduct your search |
Proceed slowly and announce finding items of evidence |
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Guide sketch |
Initial walk-through |
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Formal sketch |
Drawn to scale |
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Triangulation method |
Formal and final sketch |
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Evidence should not be collected until when |
Arrangements have been made for proper packaging, transportation and storage of evidence |
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Value determines what |
Grade of crime or degree on punishment |
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Is it necessary to treat fingerprint area chemically |
NO |
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Forces which encourage cooperation |
REVENGE Money Strong feeling of patriotism or religious need. |
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Methods of establishing value of stolen and recovered property |
Show that something of value was taken.
Be able to show what the value of the item was
Determine the degree of punishment. |
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How can you Trace stolen goods |
Show that the recovered property has value.
Try to locate the rightful owner.
This Can be done with VINS and serial numbers |
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How should you treat recovered property? |
Treat it as evidence. It should be protected from further damage, and maintained within the chain of custody. |
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Burglary and criminal trespass |
Span of time/occurrence. Who knew the property was unoccupied/possible suspects. Commercial or residential. Location of entry. Time of entry. Force or no force. Other M/O. Value of property taken. Patterns. |
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Aside from determining the identity of a suspect and notifying the next of kin, Coroners (M.E's) also investigate what? |
Sudden death -not caused by readily recognized disease.
Death caused by trauma or violence; homicide, suicide, or accidental
Operative and post operative deaths not readily explainable by prior disease. |
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1st officer of a crime scene. |
Identify the victim in cases of homicide or sudden death.
Establish and protect scene
Removed all unauthorized persons and determine boundary.
Walk don't run |
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What is the pathological condition which produced the death? |
Cause of death |
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Prior to autopsy examination, what should be protected from possible contamination? |
Clothing, body, and hands of diseased. |
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Elements of physical descriptions |
NOT MANNER!!
But Race, sex, age, height, weight, build, hair, eyes, complexion, scars and marks |
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Photo lineups should be of persons of similar appearance. True or false? |
True |
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Atleast How many people present in a photo lineup? |
6 including the suspect |
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Should witnesses give verbal description prior to viewing a suspect lineup? |
Yes |
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What does REAP mean? |
Recklessly Endangering Another Person |
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Goals of investigation |
Determine if a crime has been committed.
Identify victims and witnesses.
Identify suspects.
Obtain evidence legally.
Arrest suspects.
Prosecution |
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When maintaining a crime scene it is extremely important to do what? |
Determine the boundary |
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For the collection of evidence at a scene, you should wait until you have what? CPT |
Proper collection
Proper packaging
Transportation |
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Chain of custody |
Used to prove the was the same as it was when found. And there was no opportunity to alter it. |
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Quality of evidence is judged by... |
the probability with which a particular item may be associated with the perpetrator or object in possession of the perpetrator |
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Cause of death |
The pathological condition which produces death |
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manner of death |
The agent or instrument which triggers the pathological response |
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Basic elements of successful interviewing (I.R.O.N.I.C) |
Identify Rapport Opening statement Narration Inquiry Conclusion |
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Interviewing and interrogation could be seen as essentially the same process, but which one comes first? |
Interview first, interrogate later |
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Reid Technique |
The Reid technique of interrogation is a nine step process through the use of questioning and observation, the truth is elicited from a suspect by sound reasoning and understanding without the use of threats |
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9 steps or Reid technique |
Step 1 - direct positive confrontation
Step 2 - interrogation theme development
Step 3 - handling denials
Step 4 - overcoming objections
Step 5 - getting the suspects attention
Step 6 - handling the suspects passive mood
Step 7 - presenting an alternative question
Step 8 - suspect Orally relates the details
Step 9 - convert oral statement to writing |
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Guidelines for all statements |
Separate confessions for separate crimes
Separate confessions from separate suspects
Have suspect make corrections and initial
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What is the reasonable test |
How would a reasonable person see the situation |
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