Bohecker Health Deviations Chapter 4

Front 1

epimysium

Back 1

joins with two other inner coverings the perimysium and the endomysium, to extend beyond the muscle to form a tough cord of connective tissue, called a tendon

Front 2

tendon

Back 2

anchor muscles to bones

Front 3

tendon sheaths

Back 3

contain synovial fluid and permit the tendons to slide easily; also keep the tendons in place

Front 4

fasciae

Back 4

all the tendons, ligaments and aponeuroses of the body are composed of various sizes, shapes and densities of connective tissue

Front 5

motor unit

Back 5

each muscle cell comes in contact with several capillaries and a portion of a nerve cell. The muscle cells, in union with the nerve cell that controls them.

Front 6

cholinesterase

Back 6

breaks down the acetylcholine once it has transferred the message. Allowing the muscle to relax between impulses.

Front 7

Laminography or planography is also called body section roentgenography

Back 7

this radiogaphic procedure is useful in locating small cavities, foreign bodies, and lesions that are overshadowed by opaque structures.

Front 8

scanography

Back 8

is a radiographic procedure that allows accurate measurement of the bones length.

Front 9

arthrocentesis

Back 9

the puncture of a patients joint with a needle and the withdrawl of fluid, which is performed to obtain samples of synovial fluid for diagnostic purposes.

Front 10

rheumatoid spondylitis

Back 10

women develop a milder form of ankylosing spondylitis andn fusion of the spine is rarely seen.

Front 11

ankylosis

Back 11

fixation of a joint, often in abnormal position, usually results from destruction of articular cartilage and subchondral bone.

Front 12

ankylosing spondylitis(aks)

Back 12

involves inflammation in which the liagment or tendon attaches to the bone and does not affect the synovial membrane, as seen in rheumatoid athritis

Front 13

aks can affect

Back 13

joints such as the neck, jaw, shoulders, knees and hips. and the disease process causes the ligaments to harden.

Front 14

tophi

Back 14

calculi containing sodium urate deposits that develop in periarticular fibrous tissue, typically in patients with gout.

Front 15

fibromyalgia

Back 15

is a musculoskeletal chronic pain syndrome of unknown etiology that causes pain in th muscles, bones or joints.

Front 16

athrodesis

Back 16

sugical fusion of a joint.

Front 17

arthroplasty

Back 17

refers to repair or refashioning of one or both sides, parts or specific tissue within a joint.

Front 18

bipolar hip replacement

Back 18

hemiarthroplasty; are used to replace the femoral head and neck in fractures when the vascular supply to the femoral head may be compromised.

Front 19

colles fracture

Back 19

fracture of the distal portion of the radius within 1 inch of the joint of the wrist that commonly occurs when a person attempts t o break a fall by putting the hands down.

Front 20

callus

Back 20

bony deposits formed between and around the broken ends of a fractured bone during healing

Front 21

compartment syndrome

Back 21

is pathologic conditions caused by the progressive developmnet of arterial vessesl compression and reduced blood supply to an extremity.

Front 22

volkmanns contracture

Back 22

is a permanent contracture that can occur as a result of compartment syndrome.

Front 23

volkmanna contractue with a claw hand

Back 23

flexion of wrist and fingers and atrophy of the forearm.

Front 24

circolectric bed

Back 24

is a vertical turning bed that can be operated electrically by one person and placed in a variety of positions.

Front 25

circolectric beds allows

Back 25

side to side movement can be accomplished while maintaining proper positioning if traction is ordered.

Front 26

rotorest bed

Back 26

can rock a patient as much as 62 degrees, 17 times an hour.

Front 27

rotorest bed can promote

Back 27

pressure ulcer healing, prevent venous thrombosis and reduce kidney stone formation. orthopedic traction can be attached to the bed, as well as tv set for diversion activity.

Front 28

crutch walking

Back 28

depend on the number of points making contact with the floor.

Front 29

cane walking

Back 29

is more popular with older patients an is used for balance and support.

Front 30

subluxation

Back 30

partial or incomplete dislocations

Front 31

paresthesia

Back 31

any subjective sensation as of pricks of pins and needles

Front 32

hypothesia

Back 32

a decrease in sensation oin response to stimulation of the sensory nerves

Front 33

radicular pain

Back 33

the pain radiates over the buttock and down the leg, following the sciatic nerve pathway.

Front 34

laminectomy

Back 34

surgical removal of the bony archesor one or more vertebrae performed to relieve compression of the spinal cord caused by bone displacement from an injury or degeneration of a disk or to remove a displaced vertebral disk.

Front 35

spinal fusion

Back 35

the surgical immobolization of a joint; artificial ankylosis. Removal of the lamina and several herniated nuclei pulposi.

Front 36

diskectomy

Back 36

often done with a microscope. only the extruded disk material is removed.

Front 37

endoscopic spinal microsurgery

Back 37

can be performed under local anesthesia. Special scopes enable the surgeon to successfully remove herniated discs with minimal damage to the surrounding tissues.

Front 38

chemonucleolysis

Back 38

can be done on patients who have no nerve involvement. The procedure involves administering a local anesthetic agent and then guiding a needle into the nucleus pulposus to inject chymopapain.

Front 39

scoliosis

Back 39

curvature of the spine

Front 40

kyphosis

Back 40

a rounding of the thoracic spine, hump back appearance

Front 41

lordosis

Back 41

an increase in the curve at the lumbar space region that throws the shoulders back.

Front 42

blanching test

Back 42

to whiten or pale. is a test of the rate of capillary refill, which signals circulation status. Also referred to as a capillary nail refill test.