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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alveoli |
A cluster of sacs at the end of the bronchioles where gas exchange takes place; a single sac is called the alveolus |
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Angina |
Severe chest pain caused by lack of oxygen being supplied to heart muscle |
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Antagonistic Pairs |
Pairs of muscles that work in opposition to each other |
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Anus |
A sphincter muscle at the end of the digestive tract |
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Appendicular Skeleton |
The bones whose main role is to allow the skeleton to move; includes the pelvis, bones of the limbs and shoulder blades |
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Artery |
A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
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Axial Skeleton |
The bones whose main role is to protect the organs; includes the skull, vertebrate, sternum and ribs |
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Ball-And-Socket Joint |
A joint in which one bone has a ball-shaped surface that fits into a cup-shaped socket of another bone. The bone with the ball at its end is able to move in all directions |
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Bile |
A greenish liquid responsible for mechanical digestion of fats |
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Bladder |
A muscular bag where urine is stored before it is expelled from the body |
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Bolus |
Food rolled into a ball by the tongue |
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Bone Marrow |
Jelly-like material in which new blood cells are made |
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Bones |
Structures that make up the skeleton |
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Brochi |
Tubes formed by the division of the trachea |
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Bronchioles |
Small tubes formed by the division of the bronchi |
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Capillary |
The narrowest type of blood vessel; capillaries reach nearly every cell of the body |
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Cardiac Muscle |
The type of muscle found in the heart |
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Cartilage |
Tissue with a smooth and slippery surface allowing smooth movement of a joint |
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Cells |
The building blocks of all living things |
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Cholestrol |
A fatty chemical that can cause blockages in arteries |
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Cilia |
Tiny hairs lining the nostril |
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Circulatory System |
The system that carries materials around the body; it consists of the heart, blood vessel and blood |
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Compact Bone |
Dense tissue forming the outer layer of a bone |
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Defecation |
Getting rid of solid waste |
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Deoxygenated Blood |
Blood with very little oxygen and lots of carbon dioxide |
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Diaphragm |
A sheet of muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen |
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Digestion |
The process of breaking down food into a useable form |
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Digestive System |
The system of the body where digestion takes place |
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Donor |
Someone who donates an organ or tissue for transplanting |
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Duodenum |
The first part of the small intestine |
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Epiglottis |
The flap of skin in the oesophagus that stops food entering the windpipe |
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Excretion |
Getting rid of the wastes that the body has produced |
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Excretory System |
The system in the body that gets rid of wastes that the body has produced |
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Gastric Juice |
A mixture of chemicals produced by cells in the stomach wall |
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Haemoglobin |
The pigment that gives red blood cells their colour |
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Hinge Joint |
A joint that allows movement in only one plane |
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Ileum |
The second part of the small intestine and the place where absorption of food takes place |
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Joint |
The place where two bones meet |
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Large Intestine |
The final section of the digestive tract |
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Ligaments |
Fibrous bands of tissue that hold bones together in a joint |
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Liver |
The largest internal organ; it produces bile |
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Muscles |
Tissues that can contract and, when attached to bones, cause the bones to move |
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Oesophagus |
The part of the digestive system that connects the mouth to the stomach |
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Organ |
A structure that contains at least two different types of tissues that work together to complete a task |
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Oxygenated Blood |
Blood rich in oxygen |
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Pancreas |
An organ associated with the digestive system that produces chemicals to help the digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins |
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Peristalsis |
The process of pushing down food through the digestive tract by alternating contraction and relaxation of muscles |
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Pharynx |
The cavity at the back of the nose, connecting the nose to the oesophagus |
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Pivot Joint |
A joint like the one at the base of your skull that allows a wide range of movement |
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Plaque |
A mixture of cholesterol, calcium and fibrin that can build up on the inside of arteries and reduce blood flow to the heart |
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Pulse |
The regular expansion and contraction of the arteries in response to the heartbeat |
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Recipient |
Someone who receives an organ or tissue for transplanting |
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Rejection |
When an organ recipient's immune system attempts to destroy the transplanted organ |
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Respiration |
The series of chemical reactions that takes place in cells to release energy |
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Respiratory System |
The system of organs and tissues that takes air into the body |
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Saddle Joint |
A joint that allows movement in two directions |
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Saliva |
Watery liquid containing a chemical that begins the digestion of starch |
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Skeleton |
Body structure that holds the body upright, protects its organs and allows movement |
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Small Intestine |
The longest part of the digestive tract |
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Sphincter |
A circle of muscle |
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Spongy Bone |
Bone that has a honeycombed structure; makes up much of the inner structure of a bone |
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Synovial Fluid |
Lubricating liquid in a joint |
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Tendons |
Elastic tissue that attaches the muscles to the bones |
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Thrombus |
A blood clot |
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Tissue |
A group of cells of the same type that carry out the same job in the body |
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Trachea |
The tube that carries air from the nose and mouth into the chest cavity |
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Urea |
A waste product from the breakdown of proteins |
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Ureters |
Narrow tubes that carry urine into the bladder |
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Urethra |
A tube that carries urine to the outside of the body |
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Urinary Tract |
Kidneys, bladder, ureters and urethra |
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Vein |
Blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart |
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Villi |
Microscopic 'fingers' that greatly increase the surface area of the wall of the small intestine |
