Chapter 3: The Body's Organization

Front 1

After/o (root)

Back 1

front, anterior

Front 2

cerv/o (root)

Back 2

neck

Front 3

chondr/o (root)

Back 3

cartilage

Front 4

cyt/o, cute (root, suffix)

Back 4

cell

Front 5

dors/o (root)

Back 5

back

Front 6

inguin/o (root)

Back 6

groin

Front 7

my/o (root)

Back 7

muscle

Front 8

myel/o (root)

Back 8

spinal cord

Front 9

neur/o (root

Back 9

nerve, neuron

Front 10

poster/o (root)

Back 10

posterior, back

Front 11

proxim/o

Back 11

near

Front 12

super/o

Back 12

superior

Front 13

trans- prefix

Back 13

across

Front 14

Cells

Back 14

- A cell membrane that allows certain substances in and out

-A nucleus that directs activities within the cell (Red blood cells do not have nuclei)

-Cytoplasm, a watery fluid that fills the spaces outside the nucleus

Front 15

Tissue

Back 15

-muscular

-connective

-nervous

-epithelial

Front 16

Superior (Cephalad)

Back 16

above or nearer to the head

ex.(The bruise is superior to the eyebrow)

(The neck is superior to the chest)

Front 17

Inferior (Caudal)

Back 17

below or toward the soles of the feet

ex.(The rash covered the entire anterior of the left thigh)

(The knee is inferior to the hip; the stomach is inferior to the chest)

Front 18

Ventral (anterior)

Back 18

toward the front; away from the back of the body

Ex: The nose is on the anterior side of the face; the toes are anterior to the ankle.

Front 19

Dorsal (posterior)

Back 19

back or toward the back of the body

Ex: The spine is on the posterior side of the body

Front 20

Medial

Back 20

toward the midline of the body

Ex. The nose is medial to the eyes.

Front 21

Lateral

Back 21

away from the midline or toward the side

Ex. The eyes are lateral to the nose

May be use for descriptive purposes as in " The tumor is located not he lateral wall of the left lung)

Front 22

Proximal

Back 22

something nearer to the point of attachment to the body or origin

Ex. (The shoulder is proximal to the elbow)

(The elbow is proximal to the wrist)

Front 23

Distal

Back 23

further from the origin or point of attachment

Ex. (The wrist is distal to the shoulder and the elbow)

(The fingers are distal to the wrist)

Front 24

Supine

Back 24

refers to a positon in which the patient is lying face up, lying horizontal and face up

notice the word "up" in supine will help remind you it's meaning of face up

Ex. The patient was place on the operating table in a supine position

Front 25

Prone

Back 25

Patient lying face down

Ex. The patient was placed on the operating table in a prone position

Front 26

Frontal (Coronal)

Back 26

The frontal plane separates the front of the body from the back

Front 27

Sagittal

Back 27

The sagittal plane divides the body or organ into unequal left and right sides

Front 28

Midsaggittal

Back 28

The midsagittal plane divides the body or organ into equal left and right sides

Front 29

Tranverse or Horizontal

Back 29

This plane separates the body into upper and lower planes, cutting "across" the body

Front 30

Body Cavity

Back 30

hollow space that contains body organs

Front 31

Ventral cavity

Back 31

front body cavity

venter= belly

Front 32

Dorsal

Back 32

back of the body

Front 33

The dorsal cavity is subdivided into two:

Back 33

cranial and spinal cavities

Front 34

The ventral cavity position

Back 34

extends from the neck to the pelvis and is subdivided into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Front 35

What separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

Back 35

diaphragm; which is the muscle that initiates respiration

Front 36

Divisions of the Abdominopelvic Cavity

Back 36

Nine regions or four quadrants

Front 37

Hypochondriac (2)

Back 37

Right and left regions

Chondr- means "cartilage"

hypo- means "below"

Area below the cartilage of the ribs on the left and right sides

Front 38

Epigastric

Back 38

Area just above the stomach and is situated between the left and right hypochondriac regions

Front 39

Lumbar (2)

Back 39

Right and left lumbar regions

They are located at waist level on either side of the navel

Front 40

Umbilical

Back 40

The middle section it contains the belly button or umbilicus

Front 41

Hypogastric

Back 41

below the umbilical section, pubic region

Front 42

Inguinal (2)

Back 42

Right and left inguinal sections

They on either side of the hypogastric region

Also refers to the "groin" area

Front 43

Divisions of the Back

Back 43

Cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

Sacral

Coccygeal

Front 44

Cervical

Back 44

Neck

Front 45

Thoracic

Back 45

Chest

Front 46

Lumbar

Back 46

lower back below waist

Front 47

Sacral

Back 47

lower back

Front 48

Coccyx

Back 48

tailbone