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113 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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An eye disorder that does not cause inflammation but results from changes in the eye (retinal) blood vessels.
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Retinopathy
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An inherited disease caused by a lack of an enzyme necessary for converting phenylalanine into a form the body can use.
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Phenylketonuria
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Individual characteristics that are inherited
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Genetic
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Not in or through the digestive system, introduced otherwise than by way of the intestines and occuring outside the intestine.
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Parenteral
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A group of diseases involving unregulated cell growth.
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Cancer
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An intermittent fever, sometimes with chills, as in malaria.
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Ague
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An environment agent that acts with another to cause cancer.
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Co-Carcinogen
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One-celled organisms belonging to the plant kingdom. Its members contain a number of species including Candida albicans, which are capable of causing severe disease in immuno-compromised hosts.
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Fungus
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A substance that has a low capacity for inducing hypersensitivity (i.e. allergic reaction)
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Hypoallergenic
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The invasion of a host by organisms such as viruses, protozoa, fungi, or bacteria with resultant disease.
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Infection
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A pigmentary disturbance in the macula lutea lying slightly lateral to the center of the retina in the eye, which brings the loss of central visual acuity.
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Macular Degeneration
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A disease caused by a deficiency of niacin (B-3) usually ocurring in alcholics or in persons with malabsorption disorders.
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Pellagra
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Abnormal tissue that is not yet malignant.
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Precancerous Lesions
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A group of signs and symptoms that, when considered together, are known or presumed to characterize a disease.
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Syndrome
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A poisonous reaction in the body that impairs bodily functions and or damages cells. Caused from ingesting an amount of substance that is higher than one's level of tolerance.
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Toxicity
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A poison to the body that impairs bodily functions
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Toxin
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A substance that is capable of producing an allergic response in the body.
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Allergen
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The membranes that line the cavities and canals of the body (eg. such as the mouth, nose, anus, vagina) which communicate with the air.
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Mucous Membranes
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Neural receptor sensitive to pressure and rate of change in pressure; stretch receptor; found in the aortic arch and carotid sinuses.
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Baroreceptor
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A molecular structure on the surface of a cell that is sensitive to chemical substances such as epinephrine, released by nerve cells.
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Chemoreceptor
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An agent that effects cell division
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Mitogenic
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Mucus-secreting membrane lining body cavities and canals connecting with external air.
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Mucosa/Mucous Membrane
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Viscid watery lubricating solution secreted by mucous membranes
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Mucus
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External agent that increases mutation rate in cells
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Mutagen
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Collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function.
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Organ
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Group of similar cells that perform a particular function.
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Tissue
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Junction between 2 excitable cells
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Synapse
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The tissue just below the mucous membrane
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Submucosa
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Synthesis and release of a substance by a cell or an organ
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Secretion
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The cell membrane of a muscle cell. Like the cell membrane of nerves, the ___ is able to conduct action potentials
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Sarcolemma
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A small, chemically defined area (of a cell) that initiates a biological response upon uniting with chemically complementary areas of natural or foreign molecules.
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Receptor
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Total exhaustion
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Prostration
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Forward displacement of an organ, especially the eyeball
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Proptosis
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Sudden, violent spasm or convulsion; abrupt worsening of a symptom
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Paroxysm
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Disorder associated with physiological changes in the structure of an organ or tissue.
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Organic Disorder
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Closing or obstruction of a hollow organ or body part.
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Occlusion
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Nervous exhaustion
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Neurasthenia
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New tumor caused by uncontrolled reproduction of abnormal cells.
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Neoplasm
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Tumor formation, characterized by a progressive, abnormal replication of cells.
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Neoplasia
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Death of cells in an organ or tissue.
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Necrosis
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Toxin from yeasts and fungi
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Mycotoxin
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Fungus Infection
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Mycosis
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Highly infectious viral epidemic disease, mainly in children, that causes high fever and elevated pink rash.
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Measles/Rubeola
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General sense of being unwell, often accompanied by physical discomfort and weakness
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Malaise
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Insufficient food consumption to satisfy bodily needs over a prolonged period.
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Malnutrition
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A cell found in many tissues of the body that contributes greatly to allergic and inflammatory processes by secreting histamine and other inflammatory chemicals.
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Mast Cell
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A precancerous lesion usually seen in the mouth that is characterized by a white patch.
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Leucoplakia
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A feeling of tiredness drowsiness, or lack of energy.
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Lethargy
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Any localized, abnormal change in tissue formation.
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Lesion
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Attack on body by parasitic micro-organisms.
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Infestation
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Death of tissue due to oxygen deprivation.
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Infarction
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Damage to or weakening of body part or function.
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Impairment
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An inadequate supply of oxygen
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Hypoxia
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Low potassium levels in the blood
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Hypokalemia
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Obsession with real and imagined physical ailments.
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Hypochondria
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Increase in size of tissue or organ due to enlargement of cells.
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Hypertrophy
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Exceptionally high body temperature of 105 degrees F or above; fever induced as treatment
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Hyperthermia
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Virus in the herpes family characterized by vesicles, often with severe pain along distribution of nerve.
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Herpes Zoster/Shingles
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Virus in the herpes family; non-venereal blisters on mucous membranes that can cause conjunctivitis, vaginal inflammation, or cold sores.
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Herpes Simplex
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Protrusion of tissue or an organ outside the cavity it normally occupies, especially in the lower abdomen, due to physical strain or coughing.
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Hernia
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Unpleasant emotional state ranging from mild unease to intense fear.
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Anxiety
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Common, usually seasonal allergy to plant pollen that causes sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes.
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Hay Fever
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Causes visions or delusions
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Hallucinogenic
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Nodule of connective tissue and capillaries associated with tuberculosis, syphilis, or nonorganic foreign bodies.
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Granuloma
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Abnormal passage that leads from an abscess or cavity to the skin or to another abscess or cavity, caused by disease or injury.
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Fistula
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Rise in body temperature above normal 98.6 degrees.
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Fever/ Pyrexia
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Acute mental disorder due to organic brain disease, causing hallucinations, disorientation, and extreme excitation.
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Delirium
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Deficiency or loss of water in body tissues marked by thirst, nausea, and exhaustion.
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Dehydration
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Any disease, such as beriberi (a ___ ___ marked by weakness wasting and nerve damage and caused by lack of thiamine), caused by nutritional deficiency.
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Deficiency Disease
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A virus in the herpes family that causes enlargement of epithelial cells and mononucleosis-like disease.
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Cytomegalovirus
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An abnormal lump or swelling filled with fluid or semisolid material, in any body organ or tissue.
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Cyst
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A disease that can be transferred from one person to another by direct contact.
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Contagious
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Prolonged state of deep unconsciousness from which patient cannot be roused.
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Coma
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A disease characterized by changes in the makeup of connective tissue: lupus, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, and scleroderma.
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Collagen Disease
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Persistant, extreme exhaustion and weakness due to unknown causes.
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Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
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Abnormal deposit of calcium salts in tissue.
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Calcinosis
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Weight loss, weakness, and debility associated with chronic disease.
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Cachexia
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Showing no evidence of a disease.
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Asymptomatic
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A disease caused by fungus. It can cause lesions of the skin, ear, orbit, nasal sinuses, lungs, and sometimes the bones, meninges (protective spine and brain membranes), heart, kidneys, or spleen. Syptoms include fever, chils, difficulty breathing, and coughing up blood. If the infection reaches the brain, it may cause dementia.
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Aspergillosis
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Complete absence of disease-causing bacteria, viruses, fungi, and micro-organisms.
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Asepsis
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RNA-containing virus that can cause disease when transmitted from animals to humans by insects.
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Arbovirus
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Sudden loss of consciousness, a stroke, or sudden severe hemorrhage.
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Apoplexy
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Condition in which body tissues receive inadequate oxygen.
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Anoxia
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Acute, allergic reaction to a substance to which a person has been previously sensitized, resulting in faintness, palpitations, loss of color, difficulty in breathing, and shock.
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Anaphylaxis
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Infection with or disease caused by an amoeba.
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Amebiasis
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Abnormal state of increased alkalinity of blood and tissues.
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Alkalosis
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Any response to a drug which is noxious (harmful to health) and unintended, and which occurs @ doses used in man for prophylaxis (preserve health or prevent spread of disease), diagnosis, or therapy.
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Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR)
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Abnormal state of reduced alkalinity of blood and tissues.
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Acidosis
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Disorder, especially in women, in which spasms of arteries to extremities cause fingertips and toes to turn pale, blue, and numb.
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Raynaud's Disease
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The state of growing smaller or disappearing; used to describe the shrinkage or disappearance of a cancer.
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Regression
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The decrease or disappearance of evidence of a disease; also, the period during which this occurs.
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Remission
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Group of parasitic organisms similar to bacteria that infest the body through ticks or mites. (ex. Typhus)
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Rickettsiae
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Vitamin C deficiency from absence of fresh fruit and vegetables in the diet that causes swollen, bleeding gums, subcutaneous bleeding, and death when prolonged.
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Scurvy
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Sudden attack of disease or condition
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Seizure
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Bodily degeneration after maturity
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Senescence
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Tissue destruction by disease-causing bacteria or toxins absorbed from the bloodstream; blood poisoning.
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Septicemia
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Pertaining to the internal organs
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Splanchnic
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Fainting
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Syncope
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Affecting the entire body, not just one part.
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Systemic
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Sluggishness; unresponsiveness to stimuli.
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Torpor
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Swelling, especially due to the accumulation of blood or other fluid in tissue
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Tumescence
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Chicken Pox
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Varicella
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Causing or producing disease.
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Pathogenic
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The process by which a disease originates and develops, particularly the cellular and physiologic processes.
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Pathogenesis
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Any agent, particularly a microorganism, that causes disease.
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Pathogen
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A potent vasodilator released by endothelial cells to signal smooth muscle cells to relax.
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Nitric Oxide (NO)
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Any living organism too small to be viewed by the unaided eye, including bacteria, viruses, protists, and some algae and fungi.
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Microorganism
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Abnormal function
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Dysfunction
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Congestion of a part of tissues, or fullness (as in the breasts)
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Engorgement
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Weakness, lack of energy
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Enervation
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Organ or muscle disorder caused by insufficient nourishment or a hereditary disorder.
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Dystrophy
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Any abnormality of growth.
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Dysplasia
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Feeling off balance, unstable, confused, as though whirling in place.
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Dizziness
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