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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the basis of immune dysfunction?
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Inappropriate response to an immunogen.
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6 factors in determining hypersensitivity response
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1. Genetics
2. Nature of the immunogen 3. Individual variation 4. Dosage of the immunogen 5. Type of immunogen-immune mediators rxn 6. Site of the rxn. |
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Type I Hypersensitivity-Another name?
Immune reactant? Mech? |
Anaphylactic
IgE Mast cell activation |
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Type II HS-Another name?
Immune reactant? Mech? |
Cytotoxic
IgG or IgM Antibodies alter signaling |
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Type III HS-Another name?
Immune reactant? Mech? |
Immune complex
IgG Complement & Phagocytes |
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Type IV HS-Another name?
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Delayed (others are immediate) or cell mediated
T-cells |
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Type I HS-IgE is synthesized by _______ and controlled by _______.
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B-cell synthesis
Ts-cell control |
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These are the immediate acting granules released by the mast cells in Type I HS:
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Histamine
Heparin Proteolytic Enzymes Chemotactic Factors |
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These are the late acting granules released by the mast cells in Type I HS:
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Prostaglandins
Thromboxanes SRS Leukotrienes |
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Delayed (cytokine) pathway of Mast cell granule release is keyed by:
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Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Reaction
Arachadonic Acid Takes about one hour |
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After first encounter with an antigen (sensitizing contact) B-cells produce specific versions of this:
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IgE (Reagin)
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Appropriate amounts of Epinepherine for a patient in anaphylaxis.
Subcutaneous and Intravenous |
Subc-.1-.5 mL 1:1000 every 10-15 min
Intrav-.1-.25 mL 1:1000 |
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Clinical tests for allegies
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Skin-Wheal-flare rxn
Eye-Conjunctivitis Radioallergosorbent Test (RAST)-quantitative test for IgE antibodies in serum |
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What is hyposensitization?
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Small dosages of the allergen over time
IgE drops, IgG increases |
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cAMP does what in anaphylaxis?
What triggers its production? |
It restores balance to the cells.
Epinephrine triggers cAMP. |
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Cromolyn Sulfate does what?
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Strengthens mast cell membrane-less granule release.
Only works as a prophylaxis. |
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Theophylline does what?
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Blocks phosphodiesterase and thus, increases cAMP
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Ultimate result of Type II hypersens?
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Cell lysis through IgG or IgM-both can activate the Compl. cascade
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Role of C3b in Type II HS?
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Marks innocent bystander cells for neutrophil lysis.
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A & B (blood types) are what type of molecules?
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Glycoproteins
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RhD + and - are what types of molecules?
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Proteins
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Why do we see Hemolytic disease of newborns with RhD but not with A & B?
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RhD (IgG)
A & B (IgM)-Doesn't cross placenta |
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Type III HS-Key
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Inflammation
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Arthus Reaction
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Type III HS
Local reaction in and around small vessels (esp. the skin) Local edema, hemorrhage, necrosis |
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Serum Sickness
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Type III HS
Systemic Animal serum proteins |
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Farmers lung and Pigeon Breeder's diseases
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Type III HS
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