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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Formed by the removal of solute from glomerular filtrate
Free water
Percent of filtered substance that is excreted.
Filtration fraction
Presence of excess acid
Acidosis
Plasma pH << 7.40
Acidemia

Note: you can have an acidosis without being acidemic.
Excess water retention without excess sodium retention.
SIADH
What are some things that can cause SIADH?
Brain lesions
Lung cancers
What other ion is lost with diarrhea?
Potassium is lost along with the HCO3-.
Tell me about thiazide diuretics and CHF.
To quote Dr. Clive: "Thiazide diuretics just don't work that well in CHF patients."
Are thiazide diuretics K sparing?
No. K sparing drugs are those like spironolactone.
What is the term for HTN associated with renal failure?
Renal parenchymal hypertension.
What is the sodium status of patients with CHF?
They are hyponatremic.

Low organ perfusion --> activation of AngII --> constriction of efferent arteriole --> oncotic pressure of peritubular capillaries is low --> increased reabsorption of solute at the proximal tubule --> less delivery of solute to the distal nephron.????
What is the potassium status of a chronic renal failure patient?
Hyperkalemia
When can you use Winter's formula?
With metabolic acidosis
What are the classic signs of the nephritic syndrome?
BUN 28, creatinine 3.4; hypertension, edema, hematuria

(This is an example of an 11 y.o. boy with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis)
What would be some signs/symptoms of a 4 y.o. boy minimal change disease?
BUN 12, creatinine 0.5, edema, 4+ protein by dipstick; fat droplets in urinary sediment.