Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Down's syndrome --> neoplasm
|
ALL, AML --> a/w
|
|
|
Xeroderma pigmentosum, albinism -->
|
Melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of skin --> a/w
|
|
|
Chronic atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia, postsurgigcal gastric remnants -->
|
Gastric adenocarcinoma --> a/w
|
|
|
Tuberous sclerosis (facial angiofibroma, seizures, mental retardation) -->
|
Astrocytoma, angiomyolipoma, cardiac rhabdomyoma --> a/w
|
|
|
Actinic Keratosis -->
|
Squamous cell carcinoma of skin --> a/w
|
|
|
Barrett's esophagus (chronic GI reflux) -->
|
Esophageal adenocarcinoma --> a/w
|
|
|
Plummer vinson syndrome (atrophic gastritis, esophageal webs, anemia; all due to iron deficiency) -->
|
Squamous cell cancer of esophagus --> a/w
|
|
|
Cirrhosis (alcoholic, hepatitis B or C) -->
|
Hepatocellular carcinoma --> a/w
|
|
|
Ulcerative colitis -->
|
colonic adenocarcinoma --> a/w
|
|
|
Paget's disease of bone -->
|
Secondary osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma --> a/w
|
|
|
Immunodeficiency states -->
|
malignant lymphoma --> a/w
|
|
|
AIDS -->
|
aggressive malignant lymphomas (non Hodgkin's) and Kaposi's sarcoma --> a/w
|
|
|
Autoimmune disease (Hashimoto's thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis) -->
|
Lymphoma --> a/w
|
|
|
Acanthosis nigricans (hyperpigmentation and epidermal thickening) -->
|
Visceral malignancy (stomach, lung, breast, uterus) --> a/w
|
|
|
Dysplastic nevus -->
|
Malignant melanoma --> a/w
|
|
|
Radiation exposure -->
|
sarcoma, papillary thyroid cancer --> a/w
|
|
|
Achalasia -->
|
squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus --> a/w
|
|
|
Sjogren's syndrome -->
|
B cell lymphoma --> a/w
|
|
|
Ataxia telangectasia -->
|
lymphomas and acute leukemia --> a/w
|
|
|
Gene: abl
|
Associated tumor: CML
Gene product: tyrosine kinase |
|
|
Gene: c myc
|
Associated tumor: Burkitt's lymphoma
Gene product: transcription factor |
|
|
Gene: bcl 2
|
Associated tumor: follicular and undifferentiated lymphomas (inhib apoptosis)
Gene product: anti apoptotic molecule |
|
|
Gene: erb B2
|
Associated tumor: breast, ovarian, gastric carcinomas
Gene product: tyrosine kinase |
|
|
Gene: K ras
|
Associated tumor: colon carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma
Gene product: GTPase |
|
|
Gene: L myc
|
Associated tumor: lung tumor
Gene product: transcription factor |
|
|
Gene: N myc
|
Associated tumor: neuroblastoma (adrenals)
Gene product: transcription factor |
|
|
Gene: ret
|
Associated tumor: multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) types IIa and IIb, medullary CA of the thyroid, papillary CA of the thyroid
Gene product: Tyrosine kinase |
|
|
Gene: c kit
|
Associated tumor: gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)
Gene product: cytokine receptor |
|
|
Gene: Rb
|
Associated tumor: retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma
Gene products: __ gene product blocks G1 --> S phase of cell cycle |
|
|
Gene: p53
|
Associated tumors: most human cancer, Li Fraumeni syndrome
Gene products: __ gene product blocks G1 --> S phase of the cell cycle |
|
|
Gene: BRACA1
|
Associated tumor: breast and ovarian
Gene product: DnA repair protein |
|
|
Gene: BRACA2
|
Associated tumor: breast
Gene product: DNA repair protein |
|
|
Gene: p16
|
Associated tumor: melanoma
|
|
|
Gene: APC
|
Associated tumor: Colorectal cancer (associated w/ FAP)
|
|
|
Gene: WT1
|
Associated tumor: wilm's tumor
|
|
|
Gene: NF1
|
Associated tumor: neurofibromatosis type I
|
|
|
Gene: NF2
|
Associated tumor: neurofibromatosis type II
|
|
|
Gene: DPC
|
Associated tumor: Pancreatic cancer
|
|
|
Gene: DCC
|
Associated tumor: colon cancer
|
|
|
Tumor marker: PSA
|
Tumor marked: prostate cancer, BPH, prostatitis
|
|
|
Tumor market: prostatic acid phosphatase
|
Tumor marked: prostate carcinoma
|
|
|
Tumor marker: CEA
|
Tumor marked: carcinoembryonic anigten --> colorectal ca, pancreatic ca, gastric ca, breast ca, thyroid medullary carcinoma
|
|
|
Tumor marker: alpha fetoprotein
|
Tumor marked: hepatocellular carcinoma, nonseminoatous germ cell tumors of the testis (yolk sac tumor --> endodermal sinus tumor)
|
|
|
Tumor marker: beta hcg
|
Tumor marked: hydatitdiform moles, choriocarcinoma, gestational trophoblastic tumors
|
|
|
Tumor marker: CA 125
|
Tumor marked: ovarian, malignant epithelial tumors
|
|
|
Tumor marker: S 100
|
Tumor marked: Melanoma, neural tumors, astrocytoma
|
|
|
Tumor marker: Alkaline phosphatase
|
Tumor marked: mets to bone, obstructive biliary disease, Paget's disease of bone
|
|
|
Tumor marker: bombesin
|
Tumor marked: neuroblastoma, lung and gastric cancer
|
|
|
Tumor marker: TRAP
|
Tumor marked: tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, hairy cell leukemia - a B cell neoplasm
|
|
|
Tumor marker: CA 19-9
|
Tumor marked: pancreatic adenocarcionma
|
|
|
Tumor marker: Calcitonin
|
Tumor marked: thyroid medullary carcinoma
|
|
|
Virus: HTLV 1
|
Associated cancer: Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma
|
|
|
Virus: HBV, HCV
|
Associated cancer: hepatocellular carcinoma
|
|
|
Virus: EBV
|
Associated cancer: Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Hodgkins, oral hairy leukoplakia
|
|
|
Virus: HPV
|
Associated cancer: cervical carcionoma (16,18), penile/anal carcinoma
|
|
|
Virus: HHV 8
|
Associated cancer: Kaposi's sarcoma, body cavity fluid B cell lymphoma
|
|
|
Virus: HIV
|
Associated cancer: Primary CNS lymphoma
|
|
|
H. pylori
|
Associated cancer: gastric adenocarcinoma and lymphoma
|
|
|
Schistosoma
|
Associated cancer: squamous cell carcinoma of transitional epithelium (bladder)
|
|
|
Toxin: Aflatoxin
|
Organ: liver (hepatocellular carcinoma)
|
|
|
Toxin: vinyl chloride
|
Organ: liver (angiosarcoma)
|
|
|
Toxin: CCl4
|
Organ: liver (centrilobular necrosis, fatty change)
|
|
|
Toxin: nitrosamines
|
Organ: esophagus, stomach
|
|
|
Toxin: cigarette smoke
|
Organ:larynx (squamous cell ca), lung (squamous cell ca and small cell ca), kidney (renal cell ca), bladder (transitional cell ca)
|
|
|
Toxin: asbestos
|
Organ: lung (mesothelioma and bronchogenic carcinoma)
|
|
|
Toxin: arsenic
|
Organ: skin (squamous cell carcinoma), liver (angiosarcoma)
|
|
|
Toxin: napthelene (aniline) dyes
|
Organ: bladder (transitional cell carcinoma)
|
|
|
Toxin: aklylating agents
|
Organ: blood (leukemia)
|
|
|
Toxin: Radon
|
Organ: lung cancer
|
|
|
Neoplasm: Small cell lung carcinoma
|
Causes: ACTH or ACTH like peptide
Effect: Cushing's syndrome |
|
|
Small cell lung carcinoma and intracranial neoplasms
|
Causes: ADH
Effect: SIADH |
|
|
Squamous cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, breast carcinoma, multiple myeloma
|
Causes: PTH related peptide, TGF beta, TNF, IL1
Effect: hypercalcemia |
|
|
Renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, pheochromocytoma
|
Causes: erythropoietin
Effect: polycythemia |
|
|
Thymoma, small cell carcinoma
|
Causes: autoantibodies against presynaptic Ca2+ channels at NMJ
Effect: lambert eaton syndrome |
|
|
Leukemias and lymphomas
|
Causes: hyperuricemia due to excess nucleic acid turnover (cytotoxic therapy)
Effect: gout, urate nephropathy |
|
|
Psammoma bodies
|
Laminated, concentric, calcific spherules seen in:
1. papillary adneocarcinoma of thyroid 2. serous cystadenoma of ovary 3. meningioma 4. malignant mesothelioma |
|
|
Mets to brain
|
lung, breast, skin, kidney, GI met to...
|
|
|
Mets to liver
|
colon > stomach > pancreas > beast > lung met to...
|
|
|
Mets to bone
|
prostate, thyroid, testes, breast, lung, kidney met to...
|
