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114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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nodes for ovaries/tests
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para-aortic
parent - aortic |
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ligament with ovarian vessels? uterine vessels?
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ovarian in suspensory
uterine in transverse cervical ovaries keep you in suspense. what's in the uterus will have to transverse the cervix |
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contents of round ligament
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0, which is round
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ligament that carries the ovaries and tubes
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broad, which needs to be broad to carry tese big structures
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what does acrosome derive from?
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golgi
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what does sperm flagellum derive from
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centriole
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where are mitochondria in the sperm
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in the neck
Neck in the Middle from Mitochondria |
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what sperm passes through on its way to the Penis
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SEVEn UP
Seminiferous Epididymis Vas Ejaculatory ducts Urethra Penis |
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sperm development
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Spermatogonium
primary (4N) secondary (2N) spermatid (N) |
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between what stages of development do sperm pass thru blood testis barrier
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spermatogonium - primary spermatocyte
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role of inhibin
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stimulated by FSH acting on the seminiferous tubule and then inhibits FSH release from anterior pituitary
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Androgen-binding protein (ABP)
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ensures that testosterone in seminiferous tubule is high
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what does FSH stimulate
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ABP
Inhibin |
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effect of testosterone on RBCs
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increases production
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what does 5 alpha reductase do?
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converts testosterone to DHT in testis
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where in male does aromatase work? on what?
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converts testosterone and androstenedione to estrogen in adipose tissue and sertoli cells
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most postent form o fandrogen
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DHT > testosterone > androstenedione
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most potent estrogen
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estradiol> estrone > estriol
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which form of estrogen skyrockets in pregnancy
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estriol
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what does FSH do is female
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activates aromatase
androstenedione to estrogen in granulosa cell |
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what does LH do in female
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activates desmolase
cholesterol to androstenedione in theca cell (and then that's convereted to estrogen in granulosa) |
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ovulation indicated by
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progesterone surge
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effect of estrogen and progesterone on endometrium
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esterogen - proliferation
progesterone - glandular secretions and spiral artery development Progesterone looks after Particulars |
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what does estrogen inhibit?
progesterone? |
both inhibit FSH and LH
estrogen also mediates an LH surge |
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surge of what causes ovulation
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LH
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where is meiosis I arrested? meiosis II?
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mieiosis One in prOphase until Ovulation
meiosis Two in meTaphase until ferTilization in sTraTum granulosum |
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source of hCG
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syncytiotrophoblast
sin city is a place of hot cunts & guys |
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why is hCG needed in first trimester
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it acts like LH to maintain the corpus luteum
helps Corpus Gluteum |
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when, aside from pregnancy, is hCG elevated
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Hydatidiform moles
cHoriocarcionoma |
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type of spadias that results from failure of urethral folds to close
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hypo
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type of spadias that results from faulty positioning of genital tubercle
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epispadias
when you have epispadias you hit your Eye when you pEE |
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a boy doesn't start to develop a penis until age 12!!
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5 alpha reductase deficiency
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mole is a precursor to
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choriocarcinoma
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honeycombed uterus
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hydatidiform mole
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mole with tissues
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PARTial mole has PARTS
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mole associated with increased uterine size
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complete (parital is only partial size)
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preeclampsia before 20 weeks
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suggests molar pregnancy
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placental ischemia can cause
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preeclampsia
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Hemolysis
Elevated Lfts Low Platelets |
HELLP syndrome associated with preeclampsi
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women with preeclampsia die of
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cerebral hemorrhage
ARDS |
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pregnancy - painful bleeding
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abrupio placentae
Fetal death |
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pregnancy - massive bleeding
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placenta accreta
defective decidual layer placenta attaches directly to myometrium possible massive hemorrhage after delivery |
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pregnancy - painless bleedia
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placenta previa
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prior c section predicsposes to
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Accreta and previa
CAP |
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pregnancy
pain without bleeding |
ectopic pregnancy
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postmenopausal vaginal bleeding
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likely endometrial hyperplasia, which increases risk for endometrial carcinoma
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most common gynecologic malignancy
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endometrial carcinoma
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most common of all tumors in females
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leiomyoma
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whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles in uterus
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leiomyoma
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origin of follicular cyst
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G leads to F
distention of unruptured graafian folicle (possibly in context of hyperestrinism and endometrial hyperplasia) |
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origin of corpus luteum cyst
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hemorrhage into persistent corpus luteum in context of menstrual irregularity
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theca-lutein cyst
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due to gonadotropin stimulation
associated with choriocarcionma and moles |
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ovarian tumor
sheets of uniform cells |
dysgerminoma
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ovarian tumor
large hyperchromatic syncytiotrophoblastic cells increased hCG |
choriocarcinoma
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increased AFP
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yolk sac tumor
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which kind of teratoma is benign? malignant?
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dermoid cyst/mature is most frequent and benign
immature is aggressively malignant |
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Benign ovarian tumor that looks like bladder
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Brenner
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bilateral ovarian tumor that is lined with fallopian tube-like epithelium
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serous cystadenoma
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malignant and frequently bilateral ovarian tumor
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serous cystadenocarcinoma
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ovarian tumor
multilocular cyst lined by mucus secreting epithelium |
mucinous cystadenom
benign |
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ovarian tumor
intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous materal from ovarian or appendiceal tumor |
mucinous cystadenocarcinoma - malignant
pseudomyxoma peritonei |
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ovarian tumor
bundles of spindle-shaped fibroblasts |
Fibromas
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triad of
ovarian fibroma ascites hydrothorax pulling sensation in groin |
Meig's syndrome
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ovaria tumore
estrogen secretion precocious puberty in kids small follicles filled with eosinophilic secretions |
granulos cell tumor
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call exner bodies
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granulosa cell tumor
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DES
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clear cell adenocarcinoma
the cause is clear |
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vaginal carcinoma
girl under four years spindle shaped tumor cells desmin positive |
sarcoma botryoides
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desmin positive tumor in vagina of little girl
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sarcoma botryoides
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bloody or serous nipple discharge
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intraductal papilloma (of lactiferous ducts)
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breast tumor with leaflike projections, and bulky mass of connective tissue and cysts
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phyllodes (can sometimes be malignant
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most common malignant breast tumor
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invasive ductal
also has worst prognosis |
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breast tumor with worst prognosis
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invasive ductal
also most common (76%) |
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breast tumor
orderly row of cells |
invasive lobular carcionoma
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bilateral breast cancers
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invasive lobular
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breast tumor iwth lymphocytic infiltrate
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medullary
good prognosis |
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breast tumor with caseous necrosis
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comedocarcinoma
casous is comedy |
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breast tumor
lymphatic involvement red, swollen peau d'orange |
inflammatory invasive
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eczematous patches on nipple
large cells with clear halo |
Paget's disease of breast
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large cells with clear halo
in breast of on vulva |
Paget's disease
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most common pathogen in acute mastitis
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stap aureus
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increased total PSA
decreased fraction of free PSA osteoblastic mets |
porstatic adenocarcinoma
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testicular tumor
painless testicular enlargement male 15-35 watery cytoplasm fried egg cells |
seminoma
excellent prognosis radiosensitive |
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testicular tumor
painful glandular/papillary morphology |
embryonal carcinoma
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teticular tumor
Schiller Duval bodies increased alpha feto protein |
yolk sac tumor
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testicular tumor
increased hCG |
choriocarcinoma
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testicular tumor
Reinke crystals produces androgen gynecomastia in men precocious puberty in boys |
leydig cell tumor
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Schiller-Duval bodies
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ylk sac tumor in testicle
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Reinke crystals
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Leydig cell tumor in men
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most common testicular cancer in older men
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testicular lymphoma
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dilated vein in pampiniform plexu
bag of worms |
varicocele of tunica vaginalis
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increased fluid due to incomplete fusion of processus vaginalis
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hydrocele of tunical vaginalis
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dilated epididymal duct
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spermatocele
tunica vaginalis lesion |
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red velvety plaques on glans penis
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erythroplasia of Queyrat
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muliple papular lesions on penises of younger men
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Bowenoid papulosis
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Gray, solitary, crusty plaque on the shaft of penis or scrotum
45 year old guy |
Bowen's disease
<10% progress to SCC |
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SCC of penis is associated with
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HPV
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bent penis
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fibrous tissue formation
Peyronie's disease |
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Rx that decreases conversion of testosterone to DHT
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finasteride
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nonsteroidal competitive inhibitor of androgens at testosterone receptor
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flutamide
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rx that inhibits steroid synthesis
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ketoconazole
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rx that inhibits steroid binding
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spironolactone
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GnRh analog that is an antagonist if given continuously
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Leuprolide
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rx that inhibits cGMP phosphodiesterase
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Sildenafil, vardenafil
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side effect:impaired blue-green color vision
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sildenafil
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competitive inhibitor of progestins at progesterone receptor
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mifepristone (RU 486)
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why is progesterone added to ERT
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to decrease risk of endometrial cancer
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PGE2 analog that causes cervical dilation and uterin contraction
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dinoprostone
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beta 2 agonists that relax uterus
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ritodrine
terbutaline |
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aromatase inhibitor
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anastrozole
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use of anastrozole
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postmenopausal breast cancer
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effect of testosterone on bones
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premature closure of epiphyseal plates
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patial agonist at estrogen recetptors in pituitary feedback
used to treat infertility and PCOS |
clomiphene
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estrogen antagonist on breast tissue
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tamoxifen
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estrogen agonist on bone
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raloxifene
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