Boards Fa Key Associations

Front 1

Acitinic (solar) keratosis

Back 1

Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma

Front 2

Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury

Back 2

Cushing ulcer (inc ICP stimulates vagal gastric secretion)

Front 3

Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns

Back 3

Curling's ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa)

Front 4

Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon

Back 4

Skip lesions (Crohn's disease)

Front 5

Aneurysm, dissecting

Back 5

Hypertension

Front 6

Aortic aneurysm, abdominal and descending aorta

Back 6

Atherosclerosis

Front 7

Aortic anueyrsm, ascending

Back 7

Tertiary syphillis, Marfan's syndrome

Front 8

Atrophy of the mammillary bodies

Back 8

Wernicke's encephalopathy (thiamine deficiency causing ataxia, opathalmoplegia, and confusion)

Front 9

Autosplenectomy (fibrosis and shrinkage)

Back 9

Sickle cell anemia (HbS)

Front 10

Bacteria associated with stomach cancer

Back 10

H. pylori

Front 11

Bacterial meningitis (adult and eldelry)

Back 11

N. meningiditis, S. penumo

Front 12

Bacterial meningitis (newborns and kids)

Back 12

GBS (newborns), S. pneumo/N. meningitis (kids)

Front 13

Benign melanocytic nevus

Back 13

Spitz nevus (most common in first two decades)

Front 14

Bleeding disorder with Gp1b deficiency

Back 14

Bernard-Soulier disease (defect in platelet adhesion to von Willebrand's factor)

Front 15

Brain tumor (adults)

Back 15

Supratentorial: mets > astrocytoma (including GBM) > meningioma > schwannoma

Front 16

Brain tumor (kids)

Back 16

Infratentorial: medulloblastoma (cerebellum) or supratentorial: craniophyarngioma (cerebrum)

Front 17

Breast cancer

Back 17

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (invasive ductal carcinoma)

Front 18

Breast mass

Back 18

1. fibrocytstic change
2. carcinoma (in postmenopausal women)

Front 19

Breast tumor (benign)

Back 19

Fibroadenoma

Front 20

Cardiac Primary Tumor (kids)

Back 20

Rhabdomyoma (tuberous sclerosis)

Front 21

Cardiac manifestations of lupus

Back 21

Libman-Sacks endocarditis (nonbacterial, affecting mitral)

Front 22

Cardiac tumor (adults)

Back 22

1. mets
2. primary myxoma (4:1 left to right atrium, ball and valve)

Front 23

Cerebellar tonsilar herniation

Back 23

Chiair malformation (often presents with progressive hydrocephalus or syringomelia)

Front 24

Chronic arrhythmia

Back 24

Atrial fibrillation (associated w/ high risk of emboli)

Front 25

Chronic atrophic gastritis (autoimmune)

Back 25

Predisposition to gastric carcinoma (can also cause pernicious anemia)

Front 26

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina

Back 26

DES exposure in utero

Front 27

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypotension

Back 27

21-hydroxylase deficiency

Front 28

Congenital cardiac anomly

Back 28

VSD

Front 29

Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver)

Back 29

Dubin Johnson syndrome (inability of hepatocytes to secrete conjugated bilirubin into bile)

Front 30

Constrictive pericarditis in developing world

Back 30

TB

Front 31

Coronary artery involved in thrombosis

Back 31

LAD>RCA>LCA

Front 32

Cretinism

Back 32

Iodine deficit/hypothyroidism

Front 33

Cushing's syndrome

Back 33

1. corticosteroid therapy
2. excess ACTH secretion by pituitary

Front 34

Cyanosis (early; less common)

Back 34

Tetraollogy of fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosus

Front 35

Cyanosis (late; more common)

Back 35

VSD, ASD, PDA

Front 36

Death in CML

Back 36

Blast crisis

Front 37

Death in SLE

Back 37

Lupus nephropathy

Front 38

Dementia

Back 38

1. Alzheimer's disease
2. Multiple infarcts

Front 39

Demyelinating disease in young women

Back 39

Multiple sclerosis

Front 40

DIC

Back 40

Gram negative sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burn trauma (STOP making new thrombi)

Front 41

Dietary deficit

Back 41

Iron

Front 42

Diverticulum in pharynx

Back 42

Zenker's diverticulum (diagnosed by barium swallow)

Front 43

Ejection click

Back 43

Aortic/pulmonic stenosis

Front 44

Esophageal cancer

Back 44

Squamous cell carcinoma (worldwide); adenocarcinoma (US)

Front 45

Food poisoining (exotoxin mediated)

Back 45

S. aureus, B. cereus

Front 46

Glomerulonephritis (adults)

Back 46

Berger's disease (IgA nephropathy)

Front 47

Gynecologic malignancy

Back 47

Endometrial carcinoma (most common)

Front 48

Heart murmur, congenital

Back 48

Mitral valve prolapse

Front 49

Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis

Back 49

Mitral (rheumatic fever), tricuspid (IV drug abuse), aortic (2nd affected in rheumatic fever)

Front 50

Helminth infection (US)

Back 50

1. enterobius vermicularis
2. ascaris lumbricoides

Front 51

Hematoma - epidural

Back 51

Rupture of middle meningeal artery (crescent shape)

Front 52

Hematoma - subdural

Back 52

Rupture of bridging veins (trauma; lentiform shaped)

Front 53

Hemachromatosis

Back 53

Multiple blood transufions or hereditary HFE mutation (can result in CHF, "bronze diabetes" and inc risk of hepatocellular carcinoma)

Front 54

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Back 54

Cirrhotic liver (often associated with hep B and C); inc alpha fetoprotein

Front 55

Hereditary bleeding disorder

Back 55

von Willebrand's disease

Front 56

Hereditary harmless jaundice

Back 56

Gilbert's syndrome (benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia)

Front 57

HLA B27

Back 57

Ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis (PAIR)

Front 58

HLA DR3 or DR4

Back 58

Diabetes mellitus type 1, Rheumatoid arthritis, SLE

Front 59

Holosytolic murmur

Back 59

VSD, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation

Front 60

Hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, blood stasis

Back 60

Virchow's triad (results in venous thrombosis)

Front 61

Secondary hypertension

Back 61

Renal disease

Front 62

Hypoparathyroidism

Back 62

Thryoidectomy

Front 63

Hypopituitarism

Back 63

Pituitary adenoma (usually benign tumor)

Front 64

Infection secondary to blood transfusion

Back 64

Hep C

Front 65

Kidney stones

Back 65

1. calcium = radiopaque
2. struvive (ammonium) = radiopaque (formed by urease positive organisms such as P. vulgaris or staph)
3. uric acid = radiolucent

Front 66

Late cyanotic shunt (uncorrected L --> R becomes R --> L)

Back 66

Eisemenger's syndrome (caused by ASD, VSD, PDA; results in pulmonary hypertension/polycythemia)

Front 67

Liver disease

Back 67

Alcoholic cirrhosis

Front 68

Lysosomal storage disease

Back 68

Gaucher's disease

Front 69

Male cancer

Back 69

Prostatic carcinoma

Front 70

Malignant associated with noninfectious fever

Back 70

Hodgkin's lympoma

Front 71

Malignant skin tumor

Back 71

basal cell carcinoma (rarely mets)

Front 72

Mental retardation

Back 72

1. FAS
2. Down's
3. Fragile X

Front 73

Metastasis to bone

Back 73

Breast, lung, thyroid, prostate, kidney

Front 74

Metastasis to brain

Back 74

Lung, breast, skin (melanoma), kidney (renal cell carcinoma), GI

Front 75

Metastasis to liver

Back 75

Colon, gastric, pancreatic, breast and lung carcinomas

Front 76

Mitral valve stenosis

Back 76

Rheumatic heart disease

Front 77

Mixed (UMN and LMN) motor neuron disease

Back 77

ALS

Front 78

Myocarditis

Back 78

Coxsackie B

Front 79

Neoplasm (kids)

Back 79

1. ALL
2. Cerebellar astrocytoma

Front 80

Nephrotic syndrome (adults)

Back 80

Membranous glomerulonephritis

Front 81

Nephrotic syndrome (kids)

Back 81

minimal change disease (associated with infections/vaccinations; treat with corticosteroids) --> podocyte fusion

Front 82

Nosocomial pneumonia

Back 82

Klebsiella, E. coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. aureus

Front 83

Obstruction of male urinary tract

Back 83

BPH

Front 84

Opening snap

Back 84

Mitral stenosis

Front 85

Opportunistic infections in AIDS

Back 85

Pneumocystis jiroveci (formely carinii) penumonia

Front 86

Osteomyelitis

Back 86

S. aureus

Front 87

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease patients

Back 87

Salmonella

Front 88

Osteomyelitis with IV drug use

Back 88

Pseudomonas, S. aureus

Front 89

Ovarian metastasis from gastric carcinoma or breast cancer

Back 89

Krukenberg tumor (mucin secreting signet ring cells)

Front 90

Ovarian tumor (benign)

Back 90

Serous cystadenoma

Front 91

Ovarian tumor (malignant)

Back 91

Serous cystadenocarcinoma (CA 125)

Front 92

Pancreatitis (acute)

Back 92

Gallstones, alcohol

Front 93

Pancreatitis (chronic)

Back 93

Alcohol (adults), cystic fibrosis (kids)

Front 94

Patient with ALL/CLL/AML/CML demographics

Back 94

ALL: child
CLL: adult >60
AML: adult >60
CML: adult 35-50

Front 95

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Back 95

N. gonorrhea (monoarticular arthritis) + chlamydia

Front 96

Philadelphia chromosome t(9;22) (bcr-abl)

Back 96

CML (may sometimes be associated with ALL/AML)

Front 97

Pituitary tumor

Back 97

1. Prolactinoma
2. Somatotrophic "acidophilic" adenoma

Front 98

Pituitary adenoma

Back 98

Turners syndrome (XO)

Front 99

Primary bone tumor (adults)

Back 99

Multiple myeloma

Front 100

Primary hyperaldosteronism

Back 100

Adenoma of adrenal cortex

Front 101

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Back 101

1. Adenomas
2. hyperplasia
3. carcinoma

Front 102

Primary liver cancer

Back 102

Hepatocellular carcinoma (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, alpha one antitrypsin)

Front 103

Pulmonary hypertension

Back 103

COPD

Front 104

Recurrent inflammation/thrombosis of small/medium vessels in extremities

Back 104

Buerger's disease (strongly associated w/ tobacco)

Front 105

Renal tumor

Back 105

Renal cell carcinoma: associated with von Hippel Lindau and adult polycystic kidney disease; paraneoplastic syndrome (erythropoietin, renin, PTH, ACTH)

Front 106

Right failure due to a pulmonary cause

Back 106

Cor pumonale

Front 107

S3 (protodiastolic gallop)

Back 107

Inc ventricular filling (L --> R shunt, mitral regurg, LV failure CHF)

Front 108

S4 (presystolic gallop)

Back 108

Stiff/hypertrophic ventricle (aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy)

Front 109

Secondary hyperparathyroidism

Back 109

hypocalcemia of chronic kidney disease

Front 110

Sexually transmitted disease

Back 110

Chlamydia (usually coinfected with gonorrhea)

Front 111

SIADH

Back 111

Small cell carcinoma of the lung

Front 112

Site of diverticula

Back 112

Sigmoid colon

Front 113

Sites of atherosclerosis

Back 113

Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid

Front 114

Stomach cancer

Back 114

Adenocarcinoma

Front 115

t (14;18)

Back 115

Follicular lymphomas (bcl 2 activation)

Front 116

t (8;14)

Back 116

Burkitt's lympohoma (c myc activation)

Front 117

t (9;22)

Back 117

Philadelphia chromosome, CML (bcr abl hybrid)

Front 118

Temporal arteritis

Back 118

Risk of ipsilateral blindeness due to thrombosis of opathalmmic artery; polymalgia rheumatica, inc ESR

Front 119

Testicular tumor

Back 119

seminoma

Front 120

Thyroid cancer

Back 120

papillary carcinoma (Orphan Annie bodies)

Front 121

Tumor in women

Back 121

Leiomyoma (estrogen dependent)

Front 122

Tumor of infancy

Back 122

Hemangioma (usually regresses spontaneously by childhood)

Front 123

Tumor of the adrenal medulla (adults)

Back 123

Pheochromocytoma (usually benign)

Front 124

Tumor of the adrenal medulla (kids)

Back 124

Neuroblastoma (malignant) Homer wright rosettes

Front 125

Types of hodkin's

Back 125

nodular sclerosis (vs mixed cellularity, lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion)

Front 126

Types of non hodgkin's

Back 126

Diffuse large cell

Front 127

UTI

Back 127

E. coli, Staph saprophyticus (young women)

Front 128

Viral encephalitis affecting temporal lobe

Back 128

HSV

Front 129

Vitamin Deficiency (US)

Back 129

Folic acid (pregnant women are at high risk; body stores only 3 - 4 month supply; prevents NT defects)

Front 130

t(11;12)

Back 130

Ewing's sarcoma