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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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NAME 5 CAUSES OF DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY?
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1.ALCOHOL/COCAINE
2.VIRUS-COSACKIE B & ECHOVIRUS HIV/ CHAGAS' DZ 3.DRUGS-ATZ & DOXORUBICIN 4.IDIOPATIC 5.ISCHEMIC |
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WHAT ARE SOME FINDINGS FOR DILATED CARIOMYOPATHY?
*NAME 4 |
1.S-3
2.LVF 3.SYSTOLIC DZ 4.MR |
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WHAT ARE SOME FINDING'S ON A EKG FOR DILATED CARIOMYOPATHY?
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1.MC-LBBB
2. NON-SPECIFIC ST-T CHANGES 3.SINUS TACHY/ A-FIB |
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HOW DO YOU TX DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY?
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1st-line=ACE AND STOP OFFENDING AGENT( ALCOHOL ETC.)
THAN BB AND DIURETICS (TX:SIMILAR TO CHF) |
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A PT WITH UNEXPLAINED SYNCOPE, MALIGH ARTH & FmHx OF UNEXPLAINED SUDDEN DEATH IS WHAT TYPE OF CARDIOMYOPATHY?
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HYPERTROPHIC OR (HOCM) OR (IHSS)
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a.WHAT ARE SOME FINDINGS ON A PHYSICAL EXAM FOR (HOCM)?
***NAME 3 CAUSES b.EKG FINDINGS? |
a.1.DIASTOLIC MURMURS
2.S-4 3.EXERTIONAL SYNCOPY b.LVH |
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HOW WOULD YOU TX (IHSS)?
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1. BB & CCB
2.DUAL CHAMBER PACING |
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WHAT ARE SOME DZ THAT CAUSES RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY?
***NAME 4? |
REMEMBER ***HINT***(OSIS)
1.AMYLOIDOSIS 2.SARCOIDOSIS 3.HEMOCHROMATOSIS 4.SCLERODERMA |
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LOFFLER'S SYNDROME IS ASSOCIATED WITH WHICH OF THE 3 TYPES OF CARDIOMYOPATHY?
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RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY A SEVERE FIBROSIS OF ENDOCARDIUM WITH EOSINOPHILIA
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WHAT ARE SOME FINDINGS FOR RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY?
*** NAME 3? |
1.PULMONARY HTN
2.RIGHT SIDE HEART FAILURE (JVD/PERIPHERAL EDEMA) 3.LEFT SIDE HEART FAILURE |
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HOW DO YOU TX RESTRICTIVE CARIOMYOPATHY?
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NO CURRENT TX
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NAME SOME OF THE ETIOLOGY THAT CAUSES A-FIB?
****HINT (PIRATES) |
PIRATES
1.Pulmonary dz 2.Ischemia 3.Rheumatic heart dz 4.Anemia/Alcohol/atrial myxoma 4.Thyrotoxicosis 5.Ethanol 6.Sepsis/surgery/systemic traume |
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A-FIB FINDINGS ON EKG ?
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IRREGULARLY IRREGULAR
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TX FOR A-FIB?
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>48 HOUR ANTICOAGULATION
**ALWAYS GET TEE WITH A-FIB** ****(A)-fib(BCD)****(HINT) (B)BB (C)CCB (D)DIGOXIN |
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1.A-FLUTTER FINDINGS ON EKG?
2.HOW DO TX A-FLUTTER |
1.SAW-TOOTH PATTERN
**(HINT)** THE (A) IN FIB IS THE SAME (A) IN FLUTTER SO YOU TX THE SAME. |
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1 st DEGREE BLOCK FINDINGS ON EKG?
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PR >.20
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2 nd DEGREE BLOCK (WENCKEBACH) FINDINGS ON EKG?
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PR > INTERVAL UNTIL DROPPED BEAT
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WHAT ARE SOME CAUSES OF 1st & 2nd DEGREE BLOCK?
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BB & CCB & INCREASE VAGAL TONE
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2 nd DEGREE BLOCK type 2 (MOBITZ) FINDINGS ON EKG?
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PR INTERVAL IS FIXED WITH UNEXPECTED DROP IN BEAT
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HOW DO YOU TREAT TYPE 2 ND DEGREE BLOCK TYPE 2 AND 3 TH DEGREE BLOCK?
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PACEMAKER PLACEMENT
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3 TH DEGREE BLOCK FINDINGS ON EKG?
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NO RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN P WAVES AND QRS COMPLEXES.
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LBBB FINDINGS ON EKG?
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QRS> .12
RSR (RABBIT EARS V5/6) |
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RBBB FINDINGS ON EKG?
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QRS> .12
RSR (RABBIT EARS V1/2) DEEP S WAVE IN LEAD(1,AVL,V5/6) |
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LEFT ANTERIOR FASCICULAR BLOCK (LAFB) FINDINGS ON EKG?
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UNEXPLAINED LEFT-AXIS DEVIATION
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LEFT POSTERIOR FASCICULAR BLOCK (LPFB) FINDINGS ON EKG?
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UNEXPLAINED RIGHT-AXIS DEVIATION
**FINDINGS OF EXCLUSION*** |
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BIFASCICULAR BLOCK FINDINGS ON EKGS?
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RBBB + LAFB
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WHAT IS THE TREATMENT (PSVT)?
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***(HINT)****(VAC)
1.Vagel maneuver 2.Adenosin 3.CCB |
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WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN (AVRT) & (AVNRT) ON EKG FINDINGS?
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*THE P WAVE IS USUALLY IN THE QRS IN (AVNRT)
*THE P WAVE IS USUALLY AFTER THE QRS IN (AVRT) |
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WHAT ARE THE FINDINGS ON A EKG FOR PAC?
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HAVE A EARLY BEAT FOLLOWED BY A MOMENTARY PAUSE
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1.WHAT ARE THE FINDINGS ON EKG FOR PVC?
2. WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU HAVE 3 OR MORE PVC's? |
1.QRS PREMATURE & WIDE FOLLOWED BY PAUSE
***NO P-WAVE*** BI/TRI/QUAD-GEMINY 2.V-TACHY |
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WHAT ARE THE FINDINGS ON EKG FOR VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA(VT)?
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3 OR MORE PVC; WIDE QRS; AV DISSOCIATION
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TX FOR VT?
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1.CARDIOVERSION
2.ANTIARRHYTHMICS *****HINT****(PAL)*** Procainamide Amiodarone Lidocaine |
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TX FOR VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION?
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CARDIOVERSION
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NAME 3 Si/Sx ASSOCIATED WITH (VF)?
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1.SYNCOPE
2.SEVERE HYPOTENSION 3.SUDDEN DEATH OR PULSELESSNESS |
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WHAT ARE THE FINDINGS ON AUSCULTATION FOR ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFFECT(ASD)/
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THE FINDINGS FOR PATENT FORAMEN OVALE IS ***FIXED SPLITTING S-2 SYSTOLIC EJECTION MURMUR****
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WHAT IS EISENMENGER'S SYNDROME?
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WHEN THERE IS RIGHT TO LEFT SHUNT IN (ASD) WITH PULMONARY HTN
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A PT WITH "RIB NOTCHING" DECREASE B/P IN LEG BUT NORMAL IN ARMS, ASYMPTOMATIC HTN AND A MURMUR HEARD OVER THE LEFT SCAPULA HAS WHAT DISEASE?
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COARCTATION OF THE AORTA
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PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS(PDA) PRESENT WITH WHAT FINDINGS ON AUSCULTATION?
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***CONTINUOUS "MACHINE MURMUR"& IS HEARD @ THE "2ND LEFT INTERCOSTAL SPACE STERNAL BOARDER"
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WHAT IS THE TX FOR (PDA)?
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INDOMETHACIN
****HINT***come (IN) and (CLOSE) the door-give INdomethacin to CLOSE a (PDA) |
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WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON (CYANOTIC) CONGENITAL HEART DZ IN CHILDREN (child hood)?
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TETRALOGY OF FALLOT
****HINT****TET SPELL AS IN (TET)RALOGY=INCREASE CYANOSIS, SQUATTING POSITION TO BE ABLE TO BREATH BETTER!! |
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WHAT ARE THE FINDINGS FOR TETRALOGY OF FALLOT?
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*******HINT**(PROV)*******
1.Pulmonary stenosis 2.RVH 3.Overriding aorta 4.VSD |
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ON A CXR WHAT IS THE PATHOGNOMONIC FOR TETRALOGY OF FALLOT?
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"A BOOT SHAPE HEART"
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WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON CONGENITAL HEART DEFECT?
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VSD
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NAME 4 FINDINGS FOR (VSD)?
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**HOLOSYSTOLIC MURMUR HEARD OVER LOWER LEFT STERNAL BOARDER
***FTT/CHF/RECURRENT RESP INFECTION/ DYSPNEA |
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ON EKG AND X-RAY WHAT ARE SOME FINDINGS FOR (VSD)?
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LVH & RVH WITH (EISENMENGER'S SYNDROME)WITH LARGE VSDs ALSO HAVE PULMONARY MAKINGS.
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DEFINE HYPERTENSION?
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HTN IS DEFINE AS B/P >140 SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC >90 BASED ON 2 OR > MEASUREMENT @ A SEPARATED TIME.
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WHAT PERCENT OF CASES MAKE UP ESSENTIAL HTN?
**WHAT ARE SOME RISK FACTORS FOR HTN? |
95PERCENT
RISK FACTORS: FmHx/SMOKING/OBESITY/RACE(B>W) >AGE/HEART DZ/HIGH Na+ diet |
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WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HTN URGENCY & EMERGENCY?
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URGENCY-(NO) END-ORGAN DAMAGE
EMERGENCY-END-ORGAN DAMAGE |
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WHICH ORGANS ARE DAMAGE IN HTN EMERGENCY?
****HINT***3 MAJOR ORGANS ARE INVOLVE |
HEART-LVH
KIDNEY-PROTEINURIA BRAIN-STROKE/DEMENTIA |
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WHAT IS THE FIRST STEP IN TX HTN?
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LIFE STYLE MODIFICATION
THAN DRUGS WHITES-ACE/BB BLACKS-CCB/DIURETICS |
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1.WHAT PERCENT MAKES UP 2ND HYPERTENSION?
2.WHAT ARE SOME CAUSE OF SECONDARY HTN? |
5 PERCENT
*****HINT***(CHAPS)***** Cushing's syndrome/Conn's syn Hyperaldosteronism Aortic coarctation Pheochromocytoma Stenosis of renal arteries |
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WHAT IS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MALIGNANT HTN AND SECONDARY HTN?
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MALIGNANT HTN- HTN THAT CAUSES A DISEASE OR A CONDITION
SECONDARY HTN-THE DISEASE IS THE CAUSES OF HTN. |
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WHAT IS THE TREATMENT FOR HTN EMERGENCY?
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SINCE IT'S AN EMERGENCY REMEMBER NEED TO GIVE NITROPRUSSIDE OR NITROGLYCERIN BY I.V.- (NOT ORAL)***DO NO LOWER B/P MORE THAN 25% AT A TIME OR WILL CAUSE A STROKE
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WHAT IS THE DRUG OF CHOICE FOR DIABETIC'S WITH HTN?
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ACE OR ARBs
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WHAT IS THE DRUG OF CHOICE FOR (BPH)PROSTATIC'S WITH HTN?
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ALPHA-1 BLOCKER
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WHAT IS THE DRUG OF CHOICE FOR PREGNANCY WITH HTN?
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ALPHA-METHYLDOPA
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WHAT IS THE DRUG OF CHOICE FOR OSTEOPOROSIS WITH HTN?
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THIAZIDE DIURETICS
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WHAT IS THE DRUG OF CHOICE FOR CHF WITH HTN?
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BB/ACE OR ARBs/DIURETICS/SPIRONOLACTONE
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WHAT IS THE DRUG OF CHOICE FOR MI WITH HTN?
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ACE & BB
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IN WHICH PATIENT IS IT CONTRAINDICATED WHEN USING B-BLOCKER(BB)
*GIVE 3 MAJOR EXAMPLE |
1.DIABETICS
2.COPD 3.HYPERKALEMIA |
