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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cytosol
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Non internalised cytoplasm in the cell (no in other membrane bound organelles).
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Cytoplasm
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Jelly like substance thats present inside the plasma membrane and hold the organelles in suspension.
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Mitochondria
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Organelles which consist of a double membrane, with infolding inner membranes to form cristae, filled with matrix. Site of respiration (krebs cycle and electron transport chain) and the cells powerhouse.
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Nucleus
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A double membrane bound region that contains the cells genetic material organised into chromosomes. Outer membrane linked to ER and inner membrane linked to nuclear lamina, studded with pore complexes.
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Chloroplasts
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Double membrane bound organelles with internal stacks of thylakoid membrane in granum, which hold chlorophyll molecules for photosynthesis.
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Lysosomes
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Membrane bound organelles containing digestive enzymes which break down unwanted proteins. Created by the fusion of golgi vesicles which mature into endosomes.
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Chromosomes
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Long thread like structures of DNA containing genetic information for protein production. Can be packaged at different levels from nucleosomes to fully condensed chromosomes. Have telomeres (protective ends) and centromeres (point of contact between 2 sister chromatids)
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Golgi apparatus
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membrane sacs where proteins and lipids are modified ad sorted before being transported in vesicles. Consists of the trans and cis face with cisternae between them.
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Peroxisomes
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Small membrane bound organelles that use oxygen to oxidise organic molecules and break down hydrogen peroxide.
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Plasma membrane
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External membrane that surrounds cell. Consists of a phospholipid bilayer and channel/gate proteins. Can have protruding glycoproteins/lipids.
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Endoplasmic Recticulum
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Membrane enclosed compartments, can be smooth or rough (due to ribosomes). Is involved in protein synthesis and modification and in transporting biochemical products.
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Cytoskeleton
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System of protein filaments in the cytoplasm consists of:
- Microtubules - Actin filaments - Intermediate filaments |
