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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe how NADH is processed by the ETC.
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Complex I -->CoQ -->Complex III --> Cytochrome IV --> Complex IV
(NADH dehydrogenase -->CoQ -->Ubiquinol Cytic Reductase -->Cytochrome oxidase) |
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Where do electrons go from Succinate Dehydrogenase?
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to CoQ
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What is the purpose of ETC?
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The chain separates the H+ proton from the electron. The H+ goes out of the inner mito. membrane and the e- gets passed down the chain until they are reunited again at O2. The H+ gradient created is linked to ATP synthesis.
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What are 5 types of electron carriers in the ETC?
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1. FMN (accepts 2 e- and protons when reduced)
2. Ubiquinone (accepts BOTH protons and electrons when reduced) 3. Cytochromes (contain Fe) 4. Fe-S centers (one electron transfers) 5. Copper centers (one-electron transfer) |
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Where are Fe-S centers found?
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in Complex I, Ubiquinol-cyt C reductase complex, Complex II and other flavin-linked dehydrogenases.
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Where are Copper centers found?
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in Complex IV
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What P/O ratio does NADH have?
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NADH has P/O ratio of 3.
That means 3 phosphoanhydride bonds per oxygen. 9 H+ are transported from 1 NADH = 3 ATP. |
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What is the P/O ratio for FADH?
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P/O for FADH is 2.
This means that each FADH makes 2 ATP. (6 H+ are transported from 1 FADH) |
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How many NADH come from Glycolysis?
What is the trick here?? |
Glycolysis makes one NADH...but NADH cannot cross the mitochondrial membrane.
Cytosolic NADH is used to reduce moledules that can go into the mitochondria - which produces 2-3 ATP molecules. |
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How much ATP is made in glycolysis?
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2 substrate level ATP are made.
2-3 ATP come from the one cytosolic NADH that is made...but this doesn't actually enter the mitochondria itself! |
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How many NADH are made in the TCA cycle from ONE glucose molecule?
How many ATP? |
6 NADH are made (so 54 H+ got through the MM)
Which makes 18 ATP (54/3 = 18) |
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How many FADH are made in the TCA cycle from ONE molecule of glucose?
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2 FADH are makes
Which makes 4 ATP |
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Electrons that feed in where are NOT coupled to proton translocation?
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Complex II (Succinate dehydrogenase)
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What is the total number of ATP made from Oxidative Phosphorylation?
What about the total number of ATP made from 1 molecule of glucose? Why are they different numbers? |
OP = 32-34
from 1 glucose = 36-38 **There is a difference bc there are 4 ATP made from substrate level phosphorylation (which is not oxidative) |
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What is ATP/ADP translocase?
How does it work? |
ATP/ADP translocase moves the newly made ATP OUT of the mitochondria and the ADP IN...
The whole process of OP depends on a constant supply of ADP. ADP is moved in based on an ATP favorable conc. gradient (negative inside cell) that wants to kick ATP OUT. |
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How many NADH are produced from the pyruvate dehydrogenase rxn?
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2 NADH are made in the PDH rxn yielding 6 ATP.
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What is kicked out of the mitochondrial matrix based on its own favorable concentration gradient which results in influx of Pi (needed to phosphorylate ADP)
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-OH is high in the MM, which creates a gradient that wants to push it OUT.
Pi coming IN is linked to that |
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Which carriers accept H+ and e-?
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Only FMN and CoQ accept H+ with the e-.
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Which carriers only accept e-?
What are their affiliations? |
Cytochromes
Fe-S Centers (NADH Dehydrogenase, CoQ-Cyt C complex and Succinate dehydrogenase) |
