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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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INFECTIOUS DISEASES are caused by...
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pathogens
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infections diseases
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invasion or infection of a host by microorganisms
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infectios diseases are caused by...
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-disrupting a vital body process
-stimulating the immune system to mount a defensive reaction |
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infection requires: (2)
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-agent
-mode of transmission |
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4 modes of disease transmission
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1) direct contact
2) indirect contact 3) airborne 4) vector |
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direct contact
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Touching a bodily fluid from an infected person
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Indirect contact
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Touching an object that has been saturated with
bodily fluids |
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¡ Airborne
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Breathing droplets
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Vector
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Through a bite of an infected organism
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how are viruses transmitted?
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through contact with blood or
other bodily fluids |
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Virus
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a parasite that depends on a host cell to survive
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BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
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Pathogenic microorganisms that can cause disease:
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bloodborne pathogens are present in 5:
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-blood
-semen -vaginal secretions -CSF -synovial fluid |
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where is synovial fluid located?
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within the joints
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what are the three most significant bloodborne pathogens
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1. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
2. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) 3. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) |
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what is stronger and more durable? HBV or HIV?
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HBV
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what is spread easier? HBV or HIV?
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HBV
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CDC standard precautions
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¡ Assume all victims are infected & can spread an
organism that poses a risk for transmission of an infectious disease § “Universal Precautions” |
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OSHA: Occupational Safety & Health Admin.
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Establishes standards for an employer to follow
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when preparing the athlete you need to make sure you cover...
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cover the open wound
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what do you do when bleeding occurs?
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Remove from competition/dress
wound, change uniform |
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personal precautions for athletes who are bleeding?
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§ Hand washing, gloves
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personal protective equipment:
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§ Non-latex gloves
§ Mouth-to-barrier devices |
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what is the single most important practice for preventing the
spread of infectious diseases |
hand washing
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when hand washing...
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§ Use warm water
§ Thoroughly spread lathered soap over entire hand & wrist areas for at least 15 seconds § Rinse completely with strong stream of water § Dry completely § Use waterless alcohol based soap if unable to wash hands |
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Disinfectants:
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§ All contaminated surfaces should
be cleaned immediately § Solution: one part bleach to ten parts water, 1:10 § Or with an approved (EPA) disinfectants |
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BIOHAZARD DISPOSAL
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¡ Biohazard warning labels should be affixed to
containers for regulated waste: § Containers for sharps § Needles, razor blades, scalpels § Do not recap needles! § Bags/containers for possible infected materials |
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4 steps when there is EXPOSURE TO BODILY FLUIDS
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1. Wash contaminated area with soap and water
2. Report incident to supervisor 3. Contact personal physician 4. Seek medical care if exposure was significant |
