Blood Vessels

Front 1

Describe the Tunica Interna

Back 1

The intermost layer of BV it is made of endothelium and a basement membrane, it is the only tunic that is found in all types of BV;s and is continuous with the endocardial lining of the hear.

Front 2

What is the Lumen

Back 2

The inside of the BV, hollow space

Front 3

Describe the Tunica Media

Back 3

The middle layer of BV, it is the thickest layer and made of smooth muscle that is arranged circularly.

Contains elastic fibers too.

Front 4

Which laver of the BV are ennervarted?

Back 4

the middle layer and the external layer

Front 5

Tunica Externa

Back 5

innervated and recieves both lymphatics and BV's. The fibers run parallel to long axis and attach BV's

Structure: mostly collagen fibers with elastic tissues

Front 6

Arteries carry blood.........

Back 6

away from the heart.

Not always oxygenated.

Front 7

What are the two major properties of arteries?

Back 7

Elasticity and conductibility (especially the middle layer)

Front 8

Define Ventricular systole and ventricular diastole

Back 8

systole expands the artery and diastole contracts it. Allows for even blood pressure.

Front 9

What are the three groups of arteries

Back 9

elastic, muscular and arterioles

Front 10

Describe Elastic arteries (or conducting arteries)

Back 10

low resistance vessels
thinner walls relative to size of lumen
larger lumen
have elastic lamina (xtra layer)
for extra support due to greater pressure.
conduct blood from the heart to medium sized arteries

Front 11

Name the seven elastic arteries

Back 11

Aorta, brachiocephalic, common carotid, subclavian, vertebral, common iliac

Front 12

Describe Muscular or distributing arteries

Back 12

1cm - .3mm medium sized
more smooth muscle then elasctic tissue
can constrict and dialate
distribute to parts of body

Front 13

name the eight types of muscular arteries

Back 13

axillary, brachial, inercostal, splenic, mesenteric, femoral, popliteal and tibial

Front 14

Describe arterioles

Back 14

lumen is .3mm to 11ym smallest
delivers blood to capillaries
the larger ones have some smooth muscle but smaller ones have strips.
constriction can cut of Bl supply

Front 15

What is the arteriole pulse?

Back 15

the alternating expansion and recoil with each systole of the left ventricle (called the cardiac cycle)

Front 16

Tachycardia

Back 16

heartbeat over 100 beat/min

Front 17

bradycardia

Back 17

heartbeat less then 50 beats per minute

Front 18

Describe the Capillary Network

Back 18

conncect arteriols to venules
found near every cell of the body
allows exchange of nutrients/waste
made up ONLY of tunica intma
sometimes just one cell forms lumen

Front 19

What are vascular shunts

Back 19

capillaries between arterioles and venules, webbed ball of capillaries allowing more surface area

Front 20

What are true capillaries

Back 20

network capillaries, they are extension of the vascular shunt. 10 to 100 depending on type of tissue

Front 21

What is a precapillary sphincter?

Back 21

a smooth muscle valve that regulates blood flow between metareterials and venules

Front 22

Name the three types of capillaries

Back 22

continous, fenstrated and sinusoids

Front 23

Describe continuous capillaries

Back 23

most common in muscles and skin. endothelium is continous when viewed in cross section except at tight junctions, intercellular clefts allow for passage of fluids.

Front 24

Describe fenestrated capillaries

Back 24

numerous pores/holes (fenstrate)
fenestrae are covered with thin membrane but permeable.
found in small intestine, endocrine organs and kidneys.

Front 25

Describe sinusoid capillaries

Back 25

large lumen
fenestrated and leaky
specialized for blood cleaning
torturous lay out
slow blood flow
found in the liver (lined with Kupffer cells

Front 26

Describe venules

Back 26

where all true capillaries unite they combine into the thouroughfare channel that becomes a venule.

Front 27

Describe veins

Back 27

3 tunics
contain less elastic and smooth muscle
contain valves

Front 28

venous sinuses

Back 28

veins with only endothelial walls
no smooth muscle or CT
Surround structure provide their support (found only around the brain)

Front 29

How does blood return to the heart?

Back 29

the combo of skeletal muscle (milking) and valves aid in venous return.

respiratory pumps diaphragm squeezes in the Thorasic vein

Front 30

What is vascular anastomosis?

Back 30

where the disatal ends of extra artery routes combine. Provide alternate routes in case of blockage.

Front 31

of the three types of anastomosis which is the most common? venous, arterivenous or arterial?

Back 31

venous

Front 32

Blood flow is equal to what under resting conditions?

Back 32

cardiac output

Front 33

systemic Blood pressure

Back 33

arterial blood pressure, pressure exerted by the blood onto walls of BV, measure in mm's of Hg

Causes blood flow

Front 34

Resistance

Back 34

impedence of blood flow by friction has 3 sources.
blood viscosity
vessel length
changes of vessel diameter

Front 35

systolic blood pressure

Back 35

when blood flows into left venticle into aorta blood pushing up

Front 36

diastolic pressure

Back 36

when aortic pressure is lowest (resting heart)

Front 37

Cardiac output

Back 37

amount of blood ejected by left ventricle into the aorta each minute

Front 38

Is the vasomotor center sympathetic?

Back 38

Yes

Front 39

You are done

Back 39

yep