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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Five main types of blood vessels
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arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins
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Three layers of a blood vessel
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tunica interna, media, externa
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Structural variations of vessels correlate to the different functions throughout the cardiovascular system. T or F? 3 points
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True
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Three layers of tunica intima
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Endothelium, Basement Membrane, Internal Elastic Lamima
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EBI
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Displays the greatest variation among the cell types
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Tunica media
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Term for growth of new blood vessels
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Angiogenesis
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PRIMARY ROLE of smooth muscles in Tunica media
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Regulate diameter of the lumen
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An increase in ____, stimulates the smooth muscles to contract
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Sympathetic stimulation
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Decrease in diameter of lumen is called?
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Vasoconstriction
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Separates tunica interna from media
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Internal elastic lamina
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Separates tunica media from externa
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External elastic lamina
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Increase in lumen diameter is called
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Vasodilation
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Is the contraction of smooth muscles when an artery is damaged
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Vascular spasm
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The function of Vascular spasm
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Help limit blood loss
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Small vessels that supply blood to tissues of the vessel
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Vasa vasorum
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Two types of arteries
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Elastic, muscular
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These are the largest arteries in the body
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Elastic
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Elastic arteries' tunica media is dominated by elastic fibers called
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Elastic lamellae
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Two major trunks that exit the heart
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Pulmonary, Aorta
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Elastic fibers that momentarily store potential energy functions as?
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Pressure resorvoir
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Other name for elastic arteries
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Conducting arteries
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Other name for muscular arteries
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Distributing arteries
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These kind of vessels located between arteries provide alternate routes for blood to reach a tissue
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Anastomoses
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The ability of muscles to contract and maintain state of partial contraction
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Vascular tone
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VaTo
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The alternate route of blood through anastomoses is called?
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Collateral circulation
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Arteries that do not anastomose are called?
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End arteries
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Obstruction of an artery may lead to
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Necrosis of that segment
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Amount of arterioles
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Approximately 400 million
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Diameters of arterioles
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30 to 300 um
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Terminal end of an arteriole
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Metarteriole
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At the metarteriole-capillary junction, distal most cells form?
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The precapillary sphincter
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Tunica externa of the arteriole is composed of?
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Areolar connective tissue
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Arterioles regulate?
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Resistance
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Forms the u turns that connect the arterial outflow to the venous return
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Capillaries
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Microcirculation is? 5 points
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Flow of blood from METARTERIOLE through CAPILLARIES to the POST-CAPILLARY VENULE
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MCP
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The primary function of capillaries
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Exchange of substances between BLOOD and INTERSTITIAL fluid
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Body tissues with high metabolic requirements (5)
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muscles, brain, liver, kidneys and nervous system
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MuBraLiKiNe
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Tissues that has low metabolic requirements (2)
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Tendons, ligaments
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TeLi
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Capillary beds are networks composed of?
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10 to 100 arteries
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The intermittent contraction and relaxation of metarterioles and the precapillary sphincters.
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Vasomotion
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Vasomotion occurs
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5 to 10 times per minute
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Blood can flow through a capillary network from an arteriole to a venule through? (2)
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Capillaries, Thorough fare channel
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CaTFC
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Sinusoids are?
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wider and more winding than other capillaries
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Passage of blood through a portal vein
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Portal system
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"Little veins"
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Venules
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What helps boost venous return to the heart? (2)
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PUMPING ACTION of heart, CONTRACTION of muscles in lower limbs
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PAC
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Many veins especially in the limbs contain?
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Valves
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A vein with a thin endothelial wall that has no smooth muscle to alter its diameter
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Vascular Sinus
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Examples of a Vascular sinus
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Dural venous sinus, coronary sinus
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DvC
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Types of veins (4)
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Vascular sinus, Anastomotic, superficial, deep
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VASD
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Condition where leaky venous valves cause veins to appear dilated and twisted
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Varicose veins
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Bulk flow (5 points)
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A passive process where a large number of ions, molecules, particles in a fluid move together in the same direction
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PIMPS
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