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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T/F: large animals are commonly transfused.
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False
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T/F: in cattle single unmatched whole blood transfusions are generally safe and well tolerated.
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True
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should you cross-match blood if you are planning to transfuse a cow multiple times?
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yes
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T/F: blood typing does not detect antibodies between the patient and the potential donor.
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True
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T/F: blood typing detects antibodies between the patient and the potential donor.
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False -- cross-matching identifies antibodies between the patient and the potential donor
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T/F: cross-matching identifies antibodies between the patient and the potential donor
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true
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when viewing a canine DEA 1.1 blood-typing card, agglutination indicates what?
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agglutination is a (+) test result
.: the blood you were testing is also 1.1 (+) |
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when viewing a canine DEA 1.1 blood-typing card, no agglutination indicates what?
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that the blood you are testing is DEA 1.1 (-)
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in canine blood-typing gels, what does a (-) test result look like?
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the tube with blood sediment on the bottom is negative
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which canine blood type is the universal recipient?
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DEA 1.1 (+)
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T/F: Mik is non-AB blood group antigen that is common in most DSH cats
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True
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T/F: Dal is a common blood antigen found in most dogs
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True
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CLICKER:
Blood type testing indicates that the donor is DEA 1.1 (+) and the recipient is DEA 1.1 (-). Best practices indicate: A. go ahead and transfuse, no reaction is expected B. do not transfuse, the recipient will become sensitized to the DEA 1.1 C. perform a crossmatch, you don't know their history. |
B
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CLICKER:
If you transfuse a Type B cat with Type A blood you can expect: A. mild reaction, Type B cats have weak alloantibodies against type A blood B. No reaction, it is only AB into B that causes problems C. No reaction, it is only AB into A that causes problems D. Severe hemolytic disease, Type B cats have major alloantibodies against Type A blood |
D ---- British hate Americans
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Blood typing and transfusions are both uncommon and impractical in all large animals except:
goat sheep cow horse llama |
horse
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T/F: in large animals single-uncrossmatched whole blood transfusions tend to be well-tolerated
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True
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what are the 2 very immunogenic blood types of horses?
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Aa and Qa
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T/F: anti-Aa antibodies and anti-Qa antibodies can lead to neonatal isoerythrolysis
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True
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T/F: there is no universal blood donor in horses.
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True
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T/F: there is a universal blood donor in horses.
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false --- NO universal blood donor in horses
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does neonatal isoerythrolysis affect the first or second foal?
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second
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what are the clinical signs noted in foals with neonatal isoerythrolysis?
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lethargy, weakness, icterus
increased HR and RR severe hemoglobinemia and hemoglobinuria severe hypoxia leading convulsions, coma, and death |
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In the Jaundiced foal agglutination test, you mix what 2 things to see if there is agglutination?
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colostrum from mare + RBCs from foal
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who is the BEST immediate blood donor for a foal with neonatal isoerythrolysis?
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the mare
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who is the WORST immediate blood donor for a foal with neonatal isoerythrolysis?
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the sire
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Which canine blood type is the universal recipient?
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DEA 1.1 (+)
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Which canine blood type is the universal donor?
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DEA 4 only
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Which canine blood type is the ideal donor?
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DEA 1.1 (-)
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Major crossmatch =
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Patients serum mixed with donor RBCs
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Minor crossmatch =
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donor's serum mixed with patient RBCs
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When are cats crossmatched?
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before the first blood transfusion
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when are dogs and horses crossmatched?
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before the second transfusion
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what does it mean to have a negative crossmatch?
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recipient is NOT likely at risk for a transfusion reaction from the donor RBCs
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what does it mean to have a positive crossmatch?
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recipient IS at risk for a transfusion reaction. SHOULD NOT BE TRANSFUSED WITH THIS DONOR
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CLICKER:
Dogs should be blood-typed: A. prior to first transfusion B. prior to second transfusion C. only if they are DEA 1.1 or 1.2 D. only if the are DEA 4 |
A
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CLICKER:
Dogs should be crossmatched: A. prior to first transfusion B. prior to second transfusion C. only if they are DEA 1.1 or 1.2 D. only if the are DEA 4 |
B
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CLICKER:
Blood type testing indicates that 2 dogs of unknown transfusion history are DEA 1.1negative. What do best practices dictate? A. go ahead and transfuse, no reaction expected B. mild reaction if one is DAL negative C. do a crossmatch, you don't know their history D. go ahead and transfuse, you have extra blood products on hand. |
C
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Donor selection:
blood donor dogs should be... |
DEA 1.1 or 1.2 NEGATIVE
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Donor selection:
blood donor cats should be... |
type A (most common)
type B |
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Donor selection:
blood donor horses should be... |
young gelding
female: never transfused and never pregnant lack Aa and Qa antigens |
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if the animal is thrombocytopenic which type of transfusion should you use?
Whole blood/RBCs Plasma Platelet-Rich Plasma |
Platelet-Rich plasma
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if the animal has Fe Deficiency Anemia which type of transfusion should you use?
Whole blood/RBCs Plasma Platelet-Rich Plasma |
Whole blood/RBCs
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if the animal is hypoproteinemic which type of transfusion should you use?
Whole blood/RBCs Plasma Platelet-Rich Plasma |
plasma
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if the animal has clotting factor deficiencies which type of transfusion should you use?
Whole blood/RBCs Plasma Platelet-Rich Plasma |
plasma
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what are the 4 types of transfusion reactions that can happen?
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1. immune-mediated
2. acute or delayed hemolysis 3. febrile and allergic 4. non-immune-mediated (sepsis and transmission of infectious agents) |
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what type of transfusion reaction is expected if a Type B cat is given Type A or Type AB blood?
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immune-mediated and acute reaction will occur
acute indicates intravascular hemolysis |
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T/F: acute transfusion reaction are uncommon in dogs and horses.
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true
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T/F: acute transfusion reaction are common in dogs and horses.
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FALSE -- UNCOMMON
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what are some clinical signs that the P is having an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction?
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tachycardia
dyspnea hypotension salivation tremors vomiting pyrexia |
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delayed transfusion reaction indicates that we have ________ hemolysis occuring (intravascular/extravascular)
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EXTRAVASCULAR
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60-90% of transfusion reactions are which type?
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febrile and allergic
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Febrile and allergic transfusion reactions are commonly seen with which type of transfusion?
whole blood plasma |
plasma
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CLICKER:
the major crossmatch is ________ to __________. a. patient serum to donor RBCs b. donor serum to patients RBCs c. donor serum to donor RBCs d. patient serum to patient RBCs |
A
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CLICKER:
the minor crossmatch is ________ to __________. a. patient to donor RBCs b. donor serum to patients RBCs c. donor serum to donor RBCs d. patient serum to patient RBCs |
B
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CLICKER:
cats should be typed and crossmatched prior to: a. prior to first transfusion b. prior to second transfusion c. only if type B d. only if type A e. only if type AB |
A
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CLICKER:
the crossmatch gel tube shows agglutination: a. this is a negative reaction; do not transfuse with this donor's RBCs b. this is a positive reaction; ok to transfuse with donor blood c. this is a negative reaction; ok to transfuse with donor blood d. this is a positive reaction; do not transfuse with donor blood |
D
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CLICKER:
the crossmatch gel tube shows NO agglutination: a. this is a negative reaction; do not transfuse with this donor's RBCs b. this is a positive reaction; ok to transfuse with donor blood c. this is a negative reaction; ok to transfuse with donor blood d. this is a positive reaction; do not transfuse with donor blood |
C
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