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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
albumin
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protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in blood
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antibody
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protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in repsonse to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens. An antibody is psecific to an antigen and inactivates it
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antigen
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a substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of an antibody
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basophil
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granulocytic whit eblood cell with granules that stain blue when exposed to a basic dye
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bilirubin
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orange-yellow pigment in bile; formed by breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells die
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coagulation
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blood clotting
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colony-stimulating factor (CSF)
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protein that stimulates the growth and proliferation of white blood cells (granulocytes)
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differentiation
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change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialiation
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electrophoresis
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method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge
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esoinophil
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leukocyte with dense, reddish granule shaving an affirinity for red acidic dye; associated with allergic reactions
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erythrocyte
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red blood cell; 5 million per microliter (uL) or cubi milimeter of blood
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erythropoietin (EPO)
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hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates formation of red blood cells
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fibrin
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protein threads that form the basis of a blood clot
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fibrinogen
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plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process
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globulins
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part of blood containing different plasma proteins; immunoglobings and alpha and beta globulins are examples
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granulocyte
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white blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules; eosinophil, neutrophil, and basophil
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heme
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iron-containing nonprotein portion of the meoglobin molecule
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hemoglobin
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blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells
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hemolysis
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destruction or breakdown of blood (red blood cells)
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heparin
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anticoagulant foudn in blood and tissue cells
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immune reaction
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response of the immune system to foreign invasion
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immunoglobin
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protein (globulin) with antibody activity; examples are IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, IgD.
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leukocyte
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white blood cell
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lymphocyte
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mononuclear leukocyte that produces anitobdies
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macrophage
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monocyte that migrates from blood to tissue spaces; large phagocyte
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megakaryocyte
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large platelet precursor cell formed in bone marrow
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mononuclear
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pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus; lymphocytes and monocytes are mononuclear leukocytes
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neutrophil
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granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow; phagocyte with neutral-staining granules; also called a polymorphonuclear leukocyte, or poly
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plasma
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liquid portion of blood; contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, hormones, and vitamins
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plasmapheresis
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removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge. Cells are retransfused into the donor. Fresh-frozen plasma or salt solution is used to replace withdrawn plasma
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platelet
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smallest blood cell (thrombocyte); clumps at sites of injury to prevent bleeding and facilitate clotting
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prothrombin
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plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process
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reticulocyte
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immature erythrocyte with a network of strands (reticulin) that can be seen after staining the cells with special dyes
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Rh factor
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antigen on red blood cells of Rh-positive individuals. The factor was first identified in teh blood of a rhesus monkey
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serum
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plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. Clear, yellowish fluid that separates from blood when it is allowed to clot. It is formed from plasma, but doe snto contain protein-coagulation factors
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stem cell
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bone marrow cell that vies rise to different tyeps of blood cells; hematopoietic stem cell
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thrombin
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enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
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thrombocyte
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platelet
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