Blood Supply, Dural Sinuses And Bbb

Front 1

What are the two primary sources of blood supply to the brain?

Back 1

1) internal cartoids
2) subclavian - vertebral arteries

Front 2

Where do the vertebral and carotid systems join?

Back 2

circle of willis

Front 3

Why is the circle of willis exist only on 35% of cadavers?

Back 3

posterior communicating branch hypoplasia

Front 4

What are the primary branches of the internal carotid that serve the brain?

Back 4

1) opthalmic
2) posterior communicating
3) anterior choroidal
4)anterior cerebral
5)middle cerebral

Front 5

Anterior choroidal artery supplies:

Back 5

1)choroid plexus
2)hippocampal formation
3)ventral part of posterior limb of internal capsule

Front 6

Anterior cerebral artery supplies:

Back 6

1) dorsal medial cerebral cortex

Front 7

What branch does the anterior cerebral artery give off?

Back 7

medial straite and anteromedial arteries

Front 8

What does the medial straite artery supply?

Back 8

anteromedial caudate
putamen
internal capsule

Front 9

What do the anteromedial arteries supply?

Back 9

hypothalamus

Front 10

What branch does the middle cerebral artery give off?

Back 10

lateral straite

Front 11

Lateral straite arteries supply

Back 11

internal capsule
basal ganglia

Front 12

What does the rest of the middle cerebral artery supply?

Back 12

lateral convexity of cerebral hemisphere

Front 13

What branches does the vertebral artery give off?

Back 13

1)anterior spinal
2)posterior spinal
3)posterior inferior cerebellar

Front 14

What branches does the basilar artery give off?

Back 14

1)AICA
2) auditory
3) pontine
4) superior cerebellar
5)posterior cerebral

Front 15

Posterior spinal supplies

Back 15

dorsal column system

Front 16

Anterior spinal supplies

Back 16

paramedian portion of medulla

Front 17

PICA supplies

Back 17

retro-olivary medulla
inferior cerebellar peduncle
inferior cerebellum

Front 18

AICA supplies

Back 18

anterior inferior cerebellum

Front 19

auditory/labrynthine artery supplies

Back 19

ear

Front 20

Pontine arteries supply

Back 20

pons

Front 21

Superior cerebellar artery supplies

Back 21

superior cerebellum
midbrian

Front 22

Posterior cerebral artery supplies

Back 22

inferior temporal lobe
occipital lobe
thalamus
tectum
third ventricle/choroid plexus of third ventricle

Front 23

What are the 5 venous sinuses in the brian?

Back 23

1)superior saggital sinus
2) inferior saggital sinus
3)transverse sinus
4)confluence sinus
5) cavernous sinus

Front 24

What do the superficial veins drain?

Back 24

blood from cortical regions and subcortical regions into superior saggital sinus

Front 25

What do the deep veins drain?

Back 25

deep cerebral substance like basal ganglia and dorsal thalamus into deep and internal cerebral veins to deep vein of galen

Front 26

What are the superficial veins?

Back 26

superior cerebral veins
inferior cerebral veins
superficial middle cerebral vein

Front 27

What are the deep cerebral veins?

Back 27

1) internal cerebral
2) basal veins of Rosenthal
3) great cerebral vein of galen

Front 28

What are the thee ways Cerebral Blood flow is controlled?

Back 28

autoregulation
metabolic
neurogenic

Front 29

What is autoregulation of cerebral blood flow?

Back 29

maintain blood flow at constant range over wide variety of mean arterial blood pressures

Front 30

What causes vasodilation?

Back 30

↑ PaCO2, ↓ PaO2, ↓ pH --> vasodilation

Front 31

What causes vasocontriction?

Back 31

↓ PaCO2, ↑ pH

Front 32

What is the neurogenic control of blood flow?

Back 32

PS - vasodilate
sympathetic - vasoconstrict

Front 33

What are the three components of brain vascular system?

Back 33

endothelium on basal lamina that is pushed up against glial processes

Front 34

Where does the blood brain barrier lie?

Back 34

capillary endothelium

Front 35

What are the three components of the blood brain barrier? (3)

Back 35

1)vascular endothelium lacks fenestrations and vesicles
2)brains vascular endothelium is joined by tight junctions making it continuous like one big plasma membrane

Front 36

Where is there no blood brain barrier in the brain vascular bed?

Back 36

1)choroid plexus
2)median eminence of hypothalamus
3)subfornical region
4) area postrema
5) pineal gland

Here the endothelium is fenestrated

Front 37

What can pass through the blood brain barrier

Back 37

lipid soluble stuff

Front 38

What are things that can diffuse thru?

Back 38

1)gasses
2)water
3) lipid soluble
4)unioninized (affected by Ph)

Front 39

What are things that are carrier mediated into BBB

Back 39

1)glucose
2)short train monocarboxylic acid
3)basic neutral amino acids,
4) amines
5)nucleic acid precursors

Front 40

is there active transport in BBB?

Back 40

no

Front 41

Do enzymes move through BBB?

Back 41

yes

Front 42

What are some diseases in BBB?

Back 42

seizures, diabetes, anoxia, undernutrition, hypothyroidism, ketosis

Front 43

What are other conditions of BBB?

Back 43

1) injury
2) acute hypertension
3) BRAIN TUMORS

Front 44

What do brain tumors do?

Back 44

make fenestrated vasculature

Front 45

What is the blood CSF barrier

Back 45

at choroid plexus but lacks barrier properties