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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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short duration insulin
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need to eat when you take it
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int. duration insulin
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take after meal
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long duration insulin
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daily med
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Tolbutamide
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oral hypoglycemics
sulfonylureas 1st generation stimulates release of insulin from pancreas duration of action is shorter than 2nd generation SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain |
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Glipizide
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oral hypoglycemic
sulfonylurea 2nd generation typically have a longer duration of action and can be given 1/day SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain |
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Repaglinide
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oral hypoglycemic
meglitinide stimulates pancreas to release insulin must take before or w/meal b/c have a rapid peak and may induce hypoglycemia SE: also weight gain |
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Metformin
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oral hypoglycemic
biguanide dec. production of glucose by liver, inc. glucose uptake, utilization of muscles slow absorption, renal elim SE: GI, no weight gain or risk of hypoglycemia |
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Acarbose
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oral hypoglycemic
alpha-glucosidase inhibitors delays asorption of dietary carbs in intestines = reduce rise of glucose after meals inhibits alpha-glucosidase = breaks down carbs for absorption SE: GI, no weight gain or hypoglycemia |
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Rosiglitazone
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oral hypoglycemics
Thiazolidinediones (glitazones) dec. insulin resistance PPARY agonist: nucleus receptor that regulates genes important for glucose met. and sensitivity SE: weight gain (water retention); may exacerbate CHF, hepatitis, liver failure |
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Exenatide
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oral hypoglycemic
incretin mimetic = binds to receptors, slows gastric emptying, stimulates insulin release, inhibits post-prandial glucose release, suppresses appetite SE: acute pancreatitis, renal impairment, GI, hypoglycemia if taken w/sulfonylurea |
