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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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response of vascular smooth muscle to local chemical changes due to metabolism
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metabolic control
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increase in blood flow to tissue in response to an increase in metabolic demand
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hyperemia
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insufficient blood flow to tissue
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ischemia
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explain the alpha adrenergic receptors in blood flow
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-the hormone norepinephrine
-part of sympathetic NS -vasoconstriction in most tissues |
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explain the beta 2 adrenergic receptors in blood flow
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-the hormone epinephrine
-vasodilation in skeletal muscle |
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what does ADH do?
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vasoconstriction in most tissues
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what are the paracrine regulators?
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1. nitric oxide
2. prostaglandins |
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function of nitric oxide?
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vasodilation
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functions of prostaglandins?
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vasodilation or vasoconstriction
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what regulates the blood flow in capillaries?
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1. arteriolar smooth muscle
2. precapillary sphincters |
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fluid and substances are exchanged across endothelium via what?
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diffusion, transcytosis, and bulk flow
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driven mostly by blood pressure in the capillary
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filtration out of a capillary
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driven mostly by colloid osmotic pressure
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reabsorption back into capillary
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how do you find the net filtration pressure (NFP)?
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BP of cap - COP
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what is the NFP at the arteriole end?
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BP > COP --> NFP is + --> filtration
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what is the NFP at the venous end?
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BP < COP --> NFP is - --> reabsorption
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what type of system collects the excess interstitial fluid and returns it to vein?
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lymphatic system
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what type of condition results when filtration is >> than reabsorption?
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edema
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what increases capillary permeability, plasma proteins leak out
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histamine
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what can increase BP of capillary slightly, and is regulated by local vasoconstriction?
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high arterial BP
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what can increase BP of capillary, but is difficult to regulate?
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high venous BP
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