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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is venipuncture |
The placement of a needle into a vein in order to obtain venous blood for laboratory tests or to administer medications, fluids, blood and certain test sub |
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How does the sample need to be labeled |
Pt name Pt ID number Date/time of collection Initials of person performing venipuncture |
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1cc equals how many mls |
1 |
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Why is proper restraint important |
To avoid hemorrhaging, hematoma formation, or vascular trauma |
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Where should the needle only be handled |
At the hub |
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What will the area be wiped with before the blood is drawn |
70% isopropyl Alcohol |
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What is a vacutainer system |
System of different sized plastic containers with detachable needles and a vacuumed sealed collection tubes |
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When will a 25 or 28 G needle be used |
BG test Neonate Small amount of blood is needed |
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When is a 22 G or larger needle used |
Lr amount of blood is needed For large vessels |
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What is the technique for blood collection |
Attach appropriate size needle to syringe Occlude vein Wipe skin and hair above vein with alcohol Insert needle Slowly aspirate plunger Collect the amount of blood needed Remove needle Apply digital pressure to vein |
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How should the needle be inserted |
Bevel facing up At a 25 degree angle |
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Applying too much pressure to the vein during aspiration could |
Collapse the vein |
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When is a vacutainer system most commonly used |
When using the jugular vein Multiple samples are needed |
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What is the procedure for using the vacutainer system |
Needle is twisted into cylinder and placed into the vein Tube is inserted into base of holder until stopper is punctured Blood is collected until tube is 3/4 full Needle is then withdrawn from vein |
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Removing the stopper and needle before transferring the blood reduces |
Hemolysis |
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Why is it important to achieve the correct anticoagulant to blood ratio |
Too much anticoagulant can cause artifacts |
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What are aretifacts |
The blood cell shape is changed |
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Why do you not shake the sample to mix with anticoagulant |
Can cause hemolysis |
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Why should tubes with no anticoagulant be allowed to clot in an up right position |
To prevent cells from sticking to rubber stopper |
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What is a normal color for serum/plasma |
Clear and colorless to a lt straw color |
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What is lipemic serum/plasma sample |
Turbid and white |
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If a sample is lipemic what does that mean |
High fat content |
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What is icteric serum/plasma sample |
Clear and yellow
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If a sample is icteric it means |
Billy ruben is present |
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What is hemolysis serum/plasma sample |
Clear and red |
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If a sample is hemolysis it indicated |
Hemoglobin is present |
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What is Iatrogenic |
Caused by the tech or doc |
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What are the most common sites for canine blood collection |
Jugular Cephalic Lateral saphenous |
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What are the most common sites for feline blood collection |
Jugular Cephalic Medial saphenous |
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Artery blood is |
BRIGHT read |
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Vein blood is |
Dark red |
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When drawing blood from the jugular you need to avoid |
Carotid artery |
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What is the procedure for jugular venipuncture |
Pt in sternal recumbency Occlude the vein by using thumb to create pressure at the thoracic inlet Palpate vein Apply alcohol Insert needle Aspirate syringe Remove needle Place gentle pressure on site for 60sec |
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We need to make sure the pt has normal __ before using the jugular vein |
Clotting Factors |
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What is the procedure of cephalic veinpuncture |
Pt is in sternal recumbancy or standing Restrainer occludes the vein by rolling the vein with their thumb Grasp the leg and place thumb parallel to vein to prevent it from rolling Palpate the vein Apply alcohol Insert needle Collect sample Remove needle Place gentle pressure for 60 sec |
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What is the procedure for lateral saphenous venipuncture |
Pt is in lateral recumbency Vein is occlueded by grasping and extending stifle Hold the tarsus and pulls the skin taut to stabilize vessel Palpate vein Apply alcohol Place thumb parallel to prevent vein from rolling Insert needle Collect sample Remove needle Place gentle pressure for 60 sec |
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What is the procedure for Medial Saphenous venipuncture |
Pt is in lateral recumbency The leg that is up is in a flexed position Grasp the tarsus and extend the leg Occlude the vein with pressure applied by the restrainer's hand in the inguinal region Palpate the vein Apply alcohol Stabilize the vein by placing your thumb parallel Insert needle Collect sample Remove needle Place gentle pressure for 60 sec |
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The MSV and LSV are small veins too much ___ will cause the vein to collapse |
Suction |
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What anticoagulant is found in a lavender tube |
EDTA |
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What blood type is found in lavender tubes |
Whole blood |
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What type of blood is in red tubes
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Serum |
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Separator gel is in which type of tube |
Tiger top Lt green |
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What type of blood is in tiger top tubes |
Serum |
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What anticoagulant is found in lt green tubes |
Heparin |
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What type of blood is found in lt green tubes |
Plasma |
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What anticoagulant is found in gray tubes |
Postassium oxalate Sodium fluoride |
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What anticoagulant is found in lt blue |
Cirate |
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What type of blood is found in lt blue tubes |
Whole blood |
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What anticoagulant is in dark green tubes |
Heparin |
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What type of blood is found in dark green tubes |
Whole blood Plasma |
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What are some common errors when testing blood samples |
Failure to use the correct tube Failure to allow samples to colt before centrifugation Hemolysis of sample due to patient handling or sample handling Failure to mix sample with additive immediately after collection Incomplete filling of tube |
