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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What kind of drugs are Zidovudine (AZT), stavudine, lamivudine, lamivudine, emtricitabine, didanosine, and abacavir?
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Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
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What is a potential side effect of Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors?
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Potentially fatal syndrome of lactic acidosis with hepatic steatosis due to mitochondrial toxicity
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MOA of AZT?
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inhibits HIV retroviral transcriptase and causes DNA chain termination
selecticity of 100X greater that Human enzymes |
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What is AZT's half life? How often do you need to administer it? And does it undergo first pass hepatic metabolism?
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It does undergo first pass hepatic metabolism and is excreted in the plasma with a half life of 1 hour, it needs to be administered 3 times a day
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Can you use AZT as a prophalactic or with children?
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It can be used as a prophalactic after sexual exposure or in the case of a needle stick, and it can be effective in the treatment of verticle transmission of HIV from mother to newborn
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What are the top adverse reactions to AZT use?
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Bone marrow depression, severe anemia, leucopenia thrombocytopenia, severe headache and dizziness, insomnia, NVD, malaise and myalgia (muscle pain)
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What would happen if a patient on AZT was also taking a drug that inhibited glucoronidation, like cimetadine or fluconazole?
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These drugs would decrease the effects of hepatic first pass effect and the AZT levels in the blood could reach toxic levels
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What would happen if a patient that was on a drug that was a hepatic microenzyme inducer like rifampin (TB drug)?
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the liver function would be increased and thus the AZT levels would be decreased below therapeutic levels
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What is the major side effect to remember for Stavudine?
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Paresthesis, Numbness and Muscle Pain
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Lamivudine and Emtricitabine also effective against?
Use in the case of renal disfunction? |
also effective against Hep B, Yes, not metabolized in Liver
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What two AIDS drugs are ineffective alone but work in synergy together and has relatively few side effects?
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Lamivudine, and Emtricitabine
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