Blood 1, Products, Transfusion, And Fluid Therapy

Front 1

382. Each of the following treatments might be useful in restoring a prolonged prothrombin time (PT) to the normal range EXCEPT
...A. Recombinant factor VIII
...B. Vitamin K
...C. Fresh frozen plasma
...D. Stopping warfarin (Coumadin)
...E. Cryoprecipitate

Back 1

382. (A)

Front 2

383. Proper processing of platelet concentrates (to avoid future hemolytic transfusion reactions) before administration involves
...A. Type & crossmatch
...B. ABO & Rh matching
...C. Rh matching only
...D. ABO matching only
...E. Platelets can be administered without regard to any antigen system

Back 2

383. (C)

Front 3

384. The most common inherited coagulopathy is
...A. Hemophilia A
...B. Hemophilia B
...C. von Willebrand disease
...D. Factor V deficiency
...E. Factor II deficiency

Back 3

384. (C)

Front 4

385. In a 70-kg patient, 1 unit of platelet concentrate should increase the platelet count by
...A. 2000 to 5000/mm3
...B. 5000 to 10,000/mm3
...C. 15,000 to 20,000/mm3
...D. 20,000 to 25,000/mm3
...E. Greater than 25,000/mm3

Back 4

385. (B)

Front 5

386. A 68-year-old patient receives a one unit transfusion of packed red blood cells (RBCs) in the recovery room after a laparoscopic prostatectomy. As the blood is slowly dripping into his peripheral IV, the patient complains of itching on his chest & arms, but his vital signs remain stable. The antibody most likely responsible for this is directed against
...A. Rh
...B. ABO
...C. MN, P & Lewis
...D. Kell, Duffy & Kidd
...E. None of the above

Back 5

386. (E)

Front 6

387. The likelihood of a clinically significant hemolytic transfusion reaction resulting from administration of type-specific blood is less than
...A. 1 in 10
...B. 1 in 250
...C. 1 in 500
...D. 1 in 1000
...E. 1 in 10,000

Back 6

387. (D)

Front 7

388. Frozen erythrocytes can be stored for
...A. 1 year
...B. 3 years
...C. 5 years
...D. 10 years
...E. They can be stored indefinitely

Back 7

388. (D)

Front 8

389. Which of the following clotting factors has the shortest half-life?
...A. Factor II
...B. Factor V
...C. Factor VII
...D. Factor IX
...E. Factor X

Back 8

389. (C)

Front 9

390. Which of the following clotting factors is not synthesized by the liver?
...A. Factor II
...B. Factor VII
...C. Factor VIII
...D. Factor IX
...E. Factor X

Back 9

390. (C)

Front 10

391. A 42-year-old woman is anesthetized for resection of a large (22 Kg), highly vascular sarcoma located in the abdomen. During the course of the resection, 20 units of RBC, 6 units of platelets, 10 units of cryoprecipitate, 5 units FFP & 1 liter of albumin are administered. At the conclusion of the operation, vital signs are stable & the patient is transported to the intensive care unit (ICU). Three & a half hours later, a diagnosis of sepsis is made & antibiotic therapy is started. Which of the items below would be the most likely cause of sepsis in this patient?
...A. Packed RBCs
...B. Cryoprecipitate
...C. Platelets
...D. Fresh frozen plasma
...E. Albumin

Back 10

391. (C)

Front 11

392. Blood is routinely screened (serologically) for
...A. Hepatitis A
...B. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
...C. Malaria
...D. West Nile virus
...E. Bovine spongiform encephalitis (BSE, or mad cow disease)

Back 11

392. (D)
TESTS USED FOR DETECTING INFECTIOUS AGENTS IN ALL UNITS OF BLOOD, 2004

Front 12

393. The blood volume of a 10-kg, 1-year-old infant is
...A. 600 mL
...B. 800 mL
...C. 1000 mL
...D. 1300 mL
...E. 1500 mL

Back 12

393. (B)

Front 13

394. Which of the infections below is the most common transfusion related infection?
...A. West Nile virus
...B. Hepatitis B
...C. Hepatitis C
...D. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
...E. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Back 13

394. (E)

Front 14

395. A 40-year-old, 78 kg patient with hemophilia A is scheduled for a right total knee arthroplasty. His laboratory test results show a hematocrit of 40, a factor VIII level of 0%, & no inhibitors to factor VIII. How much factor VIII concentrate do you need to give him to bring his factor VIII level to 100%?
...A. 1000 units
...B. 1500 units
...C. 2000 units
...D. 2500 units
...E. 3000 units

Back 14

395. (E)

Front 15

396. A 38-year-old male is undergoing a total colectomy under general anesthesia. Urine output has been 20 mL/hr for the last 2 hours. Volume replacement has been adequate. The rationale for administering 5 to 10 mg of furosemide to this patient is to
...A. Offset the effects of increased antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
...B. Improve renal blood flow
...C. Convert oliguric renal failure to nonoliguric renal failure
...D. Offset the effects of increased renin
...E. Promote renal venodilation

Back 15

396. (A)

Front 16

397. A 65-year-old male involved in a motor vehicle accident is brought to the emergency room with a blood pressure of 60 mm Hg. He is transfused with 4 units of type O, Rh-negative whole blood & 4 L of normal saline solution. After the patient is brought to the operating room his blood type is determined to be A positive. Which of the following is the most appropriate blood type for further intraoperative transfusions?
...A. Type A, Rh-positive whole blood
...B. Type A, Rh-positive RBCs
...C. Type O, Rh-positive whole blood
...D. Type O, Rh-negative whole blood
...E. Type O, Rh-negative RBCs

Back 16

397. (E)

Front 17

398. The criteria used to determine how long blood can be stored before transfusion is
...A. 90% of transfused erythrocytes must remain in circulation for 24 hours
...B. 70% of transfused erythrocytes must remain in circulation for 24 hours
...C. 70% of transfused erythrocytes must remain in circulation for 72 hours
...D. 75% of transfused erythrocytes must remain in circulation for 7 days
...E. 50% of transfused erythrocytes must remain in circulation for 7 days

Back 17

398. (B)

Front 18

399. The rational for storage of platelets at room temperature (22° C) is
...A. It maintains platelet count
...B. It optimizes platelet function
...C. It reduces the chance for infection
...D. It decreases the incidence of allergic reactions
...E. There is less splenic sequestration

Back 18

399. (B)