Blok 4.3 - Kronisk Nyresygdom

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Definer kronisk nyresygdom.

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Part III — Chronic kidney disease; underlying diseases Def = Kidney damage -> Structural abnormalities e.g. Atherosclerosis, small kidney, thrombosis, hydronephrosis, cysts or -> Functional abnormalities + Def e.g. (micro) albuminuria (30 — 300 mg/d), (micro) hematuria = reduced Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) -> less than 60mL/min/1.73m2 = Disease duration more than 3 months

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Benævn underliggende sygdomme for kronisk nyresygdom

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Part III — Chronic kidney disease; underlying diseases • Glomerulopathy/-nephritis • Diabetes mellitus • Tubulointerstitial disease (analgetics, bacteria, viruses, Chinese herbs) • Hereditary kidney disease (e.g. Polycystic kidney disease) • Hypertensive kidney disease • Vascular Nephropathy (atheroembolic renal disease, hemolytic uremic syndrome / thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura) • Obstructive uropathy (congenital, nephrolithiasis, prostate hypertrophy) 0c0&oe=5941606B

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Hvordan estimeres GFR?

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Part III — Chronic kidney disease; underlying diseases Determination of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) • Creatinine-CIearance (mL/min) = Creatinine in urine (mg/dl) x urine volume (ml) Creatinine in serum (mg/dl) x 1440 min • MDRD formula • 2009 CKD-EPI creatinine equation • 2012 CKD-EPI cystatin C equation or creatinine-cystatin C equation �

Front 4

Gør kort rede for de underliggende sygdomme i kronisk nyresygdom.

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Part III — Chronic kidney disease; underlying diseases The patients in this group are very different. They have some kidney disease-related pathomechanisms in common, others differ. They show an severely increased mortality compared to the general population (cardiovascular disease, infections, cancer).

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Hvilke normale nyrefunktioner forstyrres i patienter med kronisk nyresygdom?

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Benævn årsager til renal anæmi i patienter med kronisk nyresygdom.

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Vitamin D deficiency in CKD

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Front 8

Beskriv kort de vigtigste mekanismer i calcium-phosphat metabolismen ift. PTH og 1,25-diOHD

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Coupled system by calcium receptor.

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Beskriv mekanismen for immune dysfunction in CKD (uremia dependent).

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Redegør kort for symptomer ved CKD.

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