Block C 3 World Issues And Strategic Perspectives (Middle East)

Front 1

Isreal

Back 1

The Negev desert covers almost half of this country

Front 2

Iraq

Back 2

This country invaded its neightbor Kuwait in 1990

Front 3

Egypt

Back 3

The life line of this country is the Nile River

Front 4

Turkey

Back 4

Istanbul, this nations largest city is the only city located on two continents. Europe and Asia

Front 5

Lebanon

Back 5

This country is the most densely wooded country in Southwest Asia

Front 6

Afganistan

Back 6

The Khyber Pass is the major trade route linking Southwest asia to Asia it cuts through the Hindu Kush in this country

Front 7

Jordon

Back 7

King Hussain ruled this country

Front 8

Syria

Back 8

Damascus in the oldest continuoulsy inhabited city in the world it is the capital of this country

Front 9

Iran

Back 9

More than half of this countries population come from Persia and speak Farsi

Front 10

Iran

Back 10

They speak Farsi in this country

Front 11

Isreal

Back 11

Population made up of Jews and Palistinians

Front 12

Iraq

Back 12

Kurds are second largest group in this country

Front 13

Lebanon

Back 13

a Civil war from 1975-1991 almost destroyed the economy here

Front 14

Bedouins

Back 14

nomadic desert people that follow a traditional way of life

Front 15

syria

Back 15

Who built dams on the euphrates river

Front 16

An order that restrict trade with another country

Back 16

Embargo

Front 17

Shah

Back 17

Persian Kings

Front 18

What country was invaded by Iraq in the persian Gulf war

Back 18

Kuwait

Front 19

Mountain range in Afganistan

Back 19

Hindu Kush

Front 20

Ara that is built up by rich fertile soil left by river floods

Back 20

Alluvial Plain

Front 21

Culture

Back 21

the customs, beliefs, practices, music,literature, social behavior of a group of particluar people.

Front 22

Civilization

Back 22

a group of people who live in one place, farm and develop a politcal and economic institution.

Front 23

Mesopotamia

Back 23

ancient greek word meaning, "the land between two seas" (the tigris and euphrates river.) In ancient times the land that we call Iraq was called mesopotamia.

Front 24

agriculture

Back 24

the work of producing crops and raising animals for food.

Front 25

irrigation

Back 25

to bring a supply of watere to a dry area, especially in order to help grow crops.

Front 26

Monotheism

Back 26

the belief that there is only 1 god.

Front 27

Islam

Back 27

a monotheistic religion found by Mohammed (7th c). The word Islam means "submission to god"

Front 28

Muslim

Back 28

someone who practices or believes in Islam.

Front 29

Arabic

Back 29

the official language of most middle eastern arab countries. The language used by muslims when praying.

Front 30

Koran

Back 30

The holy/sacred book of Islam.

Front 31

Rivers that begin in humid regions and then flow through dry areas

Back 31

exotic rivers

Front 32

Dry steambeds in Southwest Asia

Back 32

wadis

Front 33

Water that is not being replaced by rainfall

Back 33

fossil water

Front 34

Followers of Islam

Back 34

Muslims

Front 35

The largest branch of Islam

Back 35

Sunni

Front 36

the second-largest branch of Islam

Back 36

Shia

Front 37

The holy book of Islam

Back 37

Qur`an

Front 38

(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) which tries to infulence the price of oil on world markets

Back 38

OPEC

Front 39

a limit on trade

Back 39

embargo

Front 40

a government rulled by religeous leaders

Back 40

theocracy

Front 41

Hamid Karzai

Back 41

first democratically elected President (2004)

Front 42

Current state of affairs in Afghanistan

Back 42

Hamid Karzai rules, but Taliban threatening to regain control

Front 43

Significance of Mujahadin

Back 43

"Freedom fighters" fought against Soviets and received aid from U.S.; Osama Bin Laden

Front 44

Describe the terrain in Afghanistan

Back 44

landlocked, mostly mountains and deserts, few roads

Front 45

3 largest ethnic groups in Afghanistan

Back 45

Pashtun (38%), Tajik (25%), Hazara (19%)

Front 46

Who are the Pashtuns?

Back 46

Sunni Muslims; ruling elite (Baba and Amir)

Front 47

Who are the Hazaras?

Back 47

Shiite lowerclass; linked to the Moguls (Ali and Hassan)

Front 48

3 Points of US policy in Middle East

Back 48

Palestinian Israeli Conflict, Cheap flow of oil, Terrorism and concept of jihad

Front 49

Muslims

Back 49

religious, "submissive"

Front 50

Islamists

Back 50

political, want Shari'ah

Front 51

Islamic Moderates

Back 51

play within rules, wanting to get into office, not overturn government

Front 52

Islamic Extremists

Back 52

want to overthrow system, implement Shari'ah

Front 53

jihad

Back 53

struggle

Front 54

Lesser Jihad

Back 54

Violent struggle, defending village/family against aggressors. Does not condone terrorism against civilians-all violence defensive.

Front 55

Greater Jihad

Back 55

Non-violent personal and lifetime struggle to rid oneself from baser instincts, more difficult and more important

Front 56

Hasan Al-Banna

Back 56

Egyptian teacher, founded Muslim Brotherhood. Islam should be applied to political and social life. Jihad necessary to rid Muslim world from Western imperialism and colonialism, to overthrow Muslim leaders who did not uphold laws of Shari'ah. Views reflected realities of Muslim world post WWII.

Front 57

Mawlana Mawdui

Back 57

Concerned about declines of Muslims in South Asia: Muslim identity and unity increasingly threatened by rise of Hindu sect; Jihad struggle in path of Allah is to be carried out to acheive just and equitable social order for humanity as a whole. Founded Jumaat-I-Islami (Islamic Association) - preached jihad is only way to implement Isalamic reform

Front 58

Sayyid Qutb

Back 58

Father of contemporary militant Islam. Radicalization of Jihad. Very educated, not violent personally. Reaction to realities of times (Egypt, Aram-Israeli Conflict). After visiting US, avid critic of perceived moral decadence, materialism, sexual permissiveness, racism. Jihad incumbent upon Muslims to end injustice, fight Un-Islamic government and colonialism of West.

Front 59

Militant

Back 59

Extremist

Front 60

What is the capital of Turkey

Back 60

Ankara

Front 61

What is the capital of Syria

Back 61

Damascus

Front 62

What is the capital of Cyprus

Back 62

Nicosia

Front 63

What is the capital of Lebanon

Back 63

Beirut

Front 64

What is the capital of Israel

Back 64

Jerusalem

Front 65

What is the capital of Jordan

Back 65

Amman

Front 66

What is the capital of Iraq

Back 66

Baghdad

Front 67

What is the capital of Iran

Back 67

Teheran

Front 68

What is the capital of United Arab Emirates

Back 68

Abu Dhabi

Front 69

What is the capital of Saudi Arabia

Back 69

Riyadh

Front 70

What is the capital of Kuwait

Back 70

Kuwait

Front 71

What is the capital of Bahrain

Back 71

Manama

Front 72

What is the capital of Qatar

Back 72

Doha

Front 73

What is the capital of Yemen

Back 73

Sanaa

Front 74

What is the capital of Oman

Back 74

Muscat

Front 75

This nation became an Islamic Republic in 1979 after a revolution forced their king, known as the shah, from power.

Back 75

Iran - In January 1979, religious leaders gained control of Iran in a revolution and forced the Shah to flee. Iran became an Islamic republic. Boys and girls were no longer allowed to attend classes together. Alcohol and western music were forbidden. Men could not wear T-shirts, short sleeved shirts, or neckties. Women and girls had to wear long, dark garments that covered their hair and body. Religious police severely punished anyone suspected of opposing the revolution

Front 76

Which statement about Iran is True?
A. Iranian students once stormed the American embassy and held 52 Americans hostage for more than a year
B. The leader of Iran has encouraged the development of a nuclear program in his nation.
C. The leader of Iran has called for the destruction of Israel.
D. Iran has provided support to the violent Hezbollah.

Back 76

All of the above

Front 77

Which statement about Arab-Israel is false?
A. Israel no longer occupies the West Band and Gaza Strip
B. Hamas is a Palestinian organization that promotes peace with Israel.
C. Israel built fortified barriers along its borders wit the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
D. Israel began to occupy land after defeating Arab nations in a war.

Back 77

B. Hamas is a Palestinian organization that promotes peace with Israel. Hamas has sponsored several violent acts against Israel. It provided financial support to the families of sucide bombers who detonate their devices in crowded Israeli areas.

Front 78

This was the political movement to return the Jewish people to their ancient homeland.

Back 78

Zionism

Front 79

Why did Russia desire a "warm water port" at the beginning of the twentieth centry?
A. Russians wanted to be able to ship their goods in all seasons.
B. Russians were developing a nuclear bomb and needed access to the warm waters of the Black Sea.
C. Russians hoped to create a tourist attraction.
D. All of the above.

Back 79

A. Russians wanted to be able to ship their goods in all seasons. All of Russia's western seaports are in the region that are frozen for at least part of the year.

Front 80

Saudi Arabia is the only nation that closely adheres to Shariah law.

Back 80

True

Front 81

When Jews returned to their ancient homeland to create Israel, they displaced these Arab speaking people.

Back 81

Palestinians

Front 82

According to some definitions of terrorism, why were the September 11, 2001 attacks considered to be terrorism?
A. Thousands of Americans died.
B. The victims were not members of the military.
C. The president was threatened.
D. Major cities were attacked.

Back 82

B. The victims were not members of the military. Terrorism is the use of violence against civilians.

Front 83

Once these Islamic militants took control of Afghanistan, they began a violent, puritanical rule.

Back 83

Taliban - they outlawed television, radio, even kite-flying. Under Taliban rule, Afghan women seen in public without their burqua faced severe beatings or death.

Front 84

The Ottoman Empire was often referred to as _______ by the beginning of the twentieth century.

Back 84

Sick Man - Two wars in the early twentieth centry (the 1900s) resulted in Greece, Crete, Serbia, Romania, and Macedonia leaving the empire. European colonial leaders had recently seized most of Africa and were eagar to exert their influence in the Middle East.

Front 85

The Ottoman Empire ruled most of the Middle East and North Africa until
A. The death of Ataturk in 1938.
B. The defeat of the Central Powers in WWI
C. The Iranian Revolution in 1979.
D. The attacks of the US in 2001.
E. The creation of Israel in 1948.

Back 85

B. The defeat of the Central Powers in WWI. After WWI, Britian, France and the US carved up most of the Ottoman Empire and left only what we now know as the modern nation of Turkey.

Front 86

The rulers of the Ottoman Empire belonged to this ethic group.

Back 86

Turks

Front 87

This Arabic word for uprising describes the Palestinian resistance to Israel's occupation of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.

Back 87

Shariah; Intifada

Front 88

This was the religious faith of most of the people of the Ottoman Empire.

Back 88

The Ottoman Turks were Muslims, but they did not impose Islamic law on non-Muslims. They Ottoman Turks generally allowed Christians, Jews, and people of other faiths to practice their beliefs in peace.

Front 89

Violent crime is more common in the United States than in Saudi Arabia

Back 89

True - Criminals convicted of murder, rape, or other violent crimes in Saudi Arabia can face public amputation of arms or legs, or beheadings. Westerners often argue that Saudi justice is cruel, but most observers agree that violent crime is less common.

Front 90

This "path" tells many devout Muslims what to eat, how to pray, and hot to behave in public.

Back 90

Shariah

Front 91

Under strick Shariah law, a Muslim man may.
A. Consume alcohol
B. Borrow money at interest
C. Take as many as four wives
D. Allow women in his family to go out in public without a veil.

Back 91

C. Take as many as four wives. The Shariah allows a Muslim man to take as many as four wives as long as the first wife agrees and he has the financial resources to provide for all of his family.

Front 92

Which statement about Saddam Hussein is false?
A. Saddam Husseein ruled Iraq for more than 25 years.
B. Saddam Husseein began a bloody war with Iran that resulted in the deaths of many as one millions people.
C. Saddam Husseein invaded Kuwait but was turned back by a multinational force led by the United States
D. Saddam Husseein funded the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon.

Back 92

C. Saddam Husseein invaded Kuwait but was turned back by a multinational force led by the United States