Block A 1 Intelligence Fundamentals

Front 1

(1)The Joint Chiefs of Staff define intelligence as what two things?

Back 1

1. The PRODUCT resulting from the collection, processing, integration, analysis, evaluation an interpretation of available information concerning foreign countries or area
2. INFORMATION and knowledge about an adversary obtained through observation, investigation, analysis, or understanding

Front 2

(1)The term intelligence is used in what three things?

Back 2

1. Information (finished product) – documents, briefings, reports, message traffic
2. Discipline – actual job or mission which you are tasked to perform
3. Organization – Where you are assigned (Intelligence Community)

Front 3

(1)What are the three levels of intelligence, and what are the different focuses and customers?

Back 3

1. Strategic - Formulate national strategy, policy and plans. R&D and weapon system acquisition (Decision and Policy makers)
2. Operational - Planning and executing theater wide aerospace operations (Commander)
3. Tactical - Tactical threat warning, mission planning, targeting and combat assessment (ATO and mission planning cycle)

Front 4

(1)Which intelligence distinctive capability results in the production of adversary courses of action, named areas of interest, and high-value targets?

Back 4

The Intelligence Preparation of the Battlespace (IPB)

Front 5

(1)The National Security Act of 1947 addressed intelligence specifically by doing what three things?

Back 5

1. Distinguished the difference between foreign intelligence and counterintelligence
2. Defined the intelligence community
3. Identified intelligence roles in the Armed Forces

Front 6

(1)The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 was in direct response to what report?

Back 6

National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (9/11 Commission

Front 7

(1)What did the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 create?

Back 7

1. Director of National Intelligence (DNI)
2. National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC

Front 8

(2) Who is a custodian?

Back 8

Any individual who has possession of or it otherwise charged with the responsibility for safeguarding or accounting for classified information

Front 9

(2) What is the difference between access and need-to-know?

Back 9

a) Access is the ability and opportunity to obtain knowledge of classified information.
b) Need-to-know is ability (reason) to make use of information

Front 10

(2) Define ORCON

Back 10

ORCON or OC – Dissemination and Extraction of Information Controlled by the Originator
a) Security marking caveat (originator controlled)
b) Used ONLY on classified intelligence that potentially identifies the source or method and susceptible to countermeasures that would nullify effectiveness

Front 11

(2) Working papers must be either made into a finished intelligence or destroyed after how many days?

Back 11

NLT 180 days after working papers have been developed

Front 12

(3) How many subdisciplines does SIGINT have and what are they?

Back 12

3 subdisciplines (COMINT, ELINT, and FISINT)

Front 13

(3) What subdiscipline of ELINT allows analysis of threats to identify modifications of existing systems?

Back 13

TECHELINT

Front 14

(3) What’s the difference between TECHELINT and FISINT?

Back 14

TECHELINT focuses on the technical characteristics of non-communication transmission.
FISINT is derived from foreign instrumentation signals (TESTING) and includes communication and non-communication.

Front 15

(3) What is the difference between covert and clandestine collections?

Back 15

Covert - conceal (plausible denial) by attempting to be something other than their genuine purpose (CIA breaks into safe to get info)
Clandestine - conceal the existence of the operation itself and leave NO TRACES (CIA opens safe, makes copies and leaves the safe as is)

Front 16

Who defined intelligence as, "Intelligence deals with all the things which should be known in advance of initiating a course of action?

Back 16

Clark Task Force of Hoover Commission in 1955

Front 17

Who defined intelligence as, "Intelligence is knowledge and foreknowledge of the world around us - the prelude to decision and action by US policymakers

Back 17

Centeral Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Front 18

If you were looking at Current Intel Reports from organic assets, theater I&W support, and correlation of force movements in the joint operations area (JOA), which type of intel product would you be looking at?

Back 18

Indication and Warnings (I&W)

Front 19

Which intel product is Military Capabilities Assessment, Military-Related Subject Assessment; Adversay Course of Action Estimate, Foreign Intelligence Threat Assessment.

Back 19

General Military Intelligence

Front 20

Which intel product is tailored to specific mission. Political, economic, and social aspects of countries in the JOA.

Back 20

General Military Intelligence

Front 21

Which intel product has counterintelligence on foreign intelligence capabilities and activities, as well as terrorism which impacts on the force protection mission.

Back 21

General Military Intelligence

Front 22

Which intel product provides tip-off and warning of Imminent or hostile activity.

Back 22

Indication and Warnings (I&W)

Front 23

Which intel product includes adversary weapon system capabilities and vulnerabilities?

Back 23

Scientific and Technical Intelligence

Front 24

Which intel product includes medical capabilities and health services available to the JOA?

Back 24

Scientific and Technical Intelligence

Front 25

Which intel product includes summaries and briefings by JIC, JISE, and national organizations and Open Source intel in the JOA.

Back 25

Current Intelligence

Front 26

The term intelligence is used in what three ways?

Back 26

Information (finished product), discipline, organization

Front 27

What is the ultimate goal of our intelligence efforts?

Back 27

Provide intelligence products to decision-makers at all echelons of command so they can make informed decisions.

Front 28

What are the three levels of intelligence

Back 28

Strategic, Operational, and Tactical

Front 29

Which intelligence level is focused on formulating national strategy, policy and plans?

Back 29

Strategic Intelligence

Front 30

Which intelligence level is primarily focued on tactical threat warning, mission planning, targeting, and combat assessment (CA)?

Back 30

Tactical Intelligence

Front 31

Which intelligence level is focused on Theater and MAJCOM products?

Back 31

Operational Intelligence

Front 32

Which intelligence level is focused on wing and squadron products?

Back 32

Tactical Intelligence

Front 33

Which intelligence level provides current assessment, defense and penetration analysis, and warning?

Back 33

Tactical Intelligence

Front 34

Which intelligence level provides the information critical to planning and executing theaterwide aerospace operations that help accomplish the commander's objective?

Back 34

Operational Intelligence

Front 35

What are the four Air Force Intelligence Distinctive Capabilities?

Back 35

AOC Operations, IPB/PBA, ISR Campaign Planning and Execution, and Targeting

Front 36

Which intelligence distinctive capability results in the production of adversary courses of action, named areas of interest, and high-value targets?

Back 36

Intelligence Preparation of the Battlespace (IPB)

Front 37

Which intelligence distinctive capabilities goal is to provide precise, timely intelligence to the warfighter

Back 37

ISR Campaign Planning and Execution

Front 38

Which intelligence distinctive capability selects and prioritizes targets and matches appropriate action to those targets?

Back 38

Targeting

Front 39

Which intelligence distictive capability focuses on the interrelationship between the threat and environment and the effect on that interaction on both friendly and enemy courses of action?

Back 39

Intelligence Preparation of the Battlespace (IPB)

Front 40

The National Security Act of 1947 addressed intelligence specifically by doing what three things?

Back 40

Distingished the difference between foreign intelligence and counterintelligence, defined the intelligence community and identified intelligence roles of the Armed Forces

Front 41

What was one of the purposes of Executive Order 12333?

Back 41

Outline the roles and responsibilites of the Intelligence Community

Front 42

The intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 was in direct response to what report?

Back 42

Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (9/11 Commission)

Front 43

Which Act established the Department of Homeland Security?

Back 43

Homeland Security Act of 2002

Front 44

Which Department is responsible for preventing terrorist attacts within the United States?

Back 44

Department of Homeland Security

Front 45

Which Act created the Director of National Intelligence (DNI) and National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC)?

Back 45

The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004

Front 46

Which Executive Order prescribes a uniform system for classifying, declassifying and safeguarding national security information?

Back 46

Executive Order 12958

Front 47

Within the DoD, how are the requirements of EX 12958 satisfied?

Back 47

Information Security Program (ISP)

Front 48

Whose responsibile for administering the information security program (ISP)?

Back 48

Intelligence Community

Front 49

What do we call a person who has possession of or is otherwise responsible for safeguarding or accounting for classified information?

Back 49

Custodian

Front 50

Information or material whose unauthorized disclosure could cause exceptionally grave damage?

Back 50

Top Secret

Front 51

Information or material whose unauthorized disclosure could cause serious damage?

Back 51

Secret

Front 52

Information or material whose unauthorized disclosure could cause damage?

Back 52

Confidential

Front 53

A determination that classified information requires a lower degree of protection against unauthorized disclosure that previously provided.

Back 53

Downgrade

Front 54

The determination that classified information no longer requires any degree of protection against unauthorized disclosure.

Back 54

Declassification

Front 55

A determination that classified information requires a higher degree of protection against unauthorized disclosure that previously provided.

Back 55

Upgrade

Front 56

The opportunity afforded an individual to obtain classified information.

Back 56

Clearance

Front 57

The disclosure of classified information to persons not authorized access.

Back 57

Compromise

Front 58

What do we call information that could potentially provide an adversary with insight to our plans, mission, etc.

Back 58

Sensitive, but unclassified

Front 59

Requirement (ability) for access to, knowledge of, or possession of classified information.

Back 59

Need-to-Know

Front 60

Marking used on classifed intelligence that clearly identifies or would reasonably help identify intel sources and methods.

Back 60

ORCON (OC)

Front 61

Marking used to identify information provided by a commercial firm or private source.

Back 61

PROPIN (PR)

Front 62

Classified intelligence that may not be released in any form to foreign governments, foreign nationals, or non-US citizens.

Back 62

NOFORN (NF)

Front 63

If a document contains paragraphs marked REL and NOFORM, what is the overall classification?

Back 63

NOFORN

Front 64

What are the three reasons we classify information?

Back 64

Protect the information, protect the source and protect national security

Front 65

Who is responsible for determining and applying the classification procedures involving RAW information

Back 65

Original Classification Authority (OCA)

Front 66

When are you authorized to classify intelligence to conceal violations of the law?

Back 66

Never

Front 67

Are the majority of intelligence community employees OCA or derivative classifiers?

Back 67

Derivative

Front 68

How long will information remain classified?

Back 68

As long as required for national security considerations

Front 69

What is the maximum length of time to review information classification

Back 69

10 years

Front 70

Information may not be considered for classification unless in concerns:

Back 70

Weapons Systems, Foreign government information, intellingence sources or methods

Front 71

Classified information should be declassified automatically as a result of any unauthorized disclosure of identical or similiar information?

Back 71

False

Front 72

Working papers must be either made into a finished product or destroyed after how many days?

Back 72

180

Front 73

How do you properly mark a documents classification?

Back 73

Overall classification marked on the top/bottom of front and back cover, title page and first page. Each interior page will be marked with the highest classification on that specific page.

Front 74

How do you mark blank pages with classified on the opposite side?

Back 74

Marked with the classification, marked on the opposite side and have the phrase (This page intentionally left blank) centered on the page.

Front 75

Information identified as National Security Information under the provisions of EO 12958 but no subject to enhance security protection.

Back 75

Collateral Information (requires no additional protection than that warranted by its classification.

Front 76

Which intelligence discipline is responsible for information derived from electromagnetic (EM) spectrum?

Back 76

SIGINT

Front 77

What is a large, complex structure, organized and operated pursuant to a multitude of laws, executive orders, policies and directives?

Back 77

Intelligence Community

Front 78

_____ is tasked with SIGINT collection.

Back 78

NSA (National Security Agency)

Front 79

SIGINT is information derived from____

Back 79

The electromagnetic (EM) spectrum

Front 80

What are the three parts of SIGINT?

Back 80

COMINT, ELINT, FISINT

Front 81

This one deals with the interception of foreign communications…

Back 81

COMINT

Front 82

What are two examples of COMINT?

Back 82

Voice and Morse (Plus Fax/Modem/Landlines)

Front 83

ELINT intercepts__________

Back 83

Non-communication signals and emanations (RADAR)

Front 84

T/F : Techelint hears a weird sound and sends it to Opelint to study and determine what it is and how it affects our strategy…

Back 84

FALSE

Front 85

OPELINT deals with…

Back 85

Threat warning

Front 86

New Sound for non-communication transmission may mean what two things?

Back 86

System modifications or new system

Front 87

What INT signifies TESTING?

Back 87

FISINT

Front 88

What INT has info potential, easily detects activity level changes and OB data?

Back 88

SIGINT

Front 89

What are SIGINT’s weaknesses?

Back 89

Denial of Info (switch frequencies), Deception (leak false info), Weather Impact on collection, SO MUCH info and extensive coordination is required.

Front 90

IMINT is the examination of --- on ---

Back 90

Imaged objects, film based material/computers

Front 91

What is a weakness of IMINT dealing with quality?

Back 91

Quality usually degrades in darkness (others are concealment

Front 92

The intelligence discipline that uses humans as both a source and collector?

Back 92

HUMINT

Front 93

What is human Intel for the Air Force?

Back 93

AFOSI

Front 94

Other than service components… who has human intelligence?

Back 94

The CIA and DIA

Front 95

What are two categories of Human Intel?

Back 95

Overt and Clandestine

Front 96

T/F: Clandestine ops are conducted with little attempt to conceal the operation.

Back 96

False: Overt Collection: conducted in the open with NO attempt to conceal ops

Front 97

What are some major problems with HUMINT?

Back 97

Timeliness

Front 98

What can HUMINT do to aid a mission?

Back 98

Additional/more specific coverage area where other INTs can’t reach and refine/revise estimates from other sources

Front 99

Measurement and Signatures Intel is referred to as…

Back 99

MASINT

Front 100

What does MASINT do?

Back 100

Detects

Front 101

Information collected by ___________ is needed in planning/executing weapons developments

Back 101

counter-measures

Front 102

From where can IMINT be collected?

Back 102

Platforms: satellite, aircraft, UAV, hand-held (cameras)
Narratives: description of what’s being seen below a picture

Front 103

When are narratives used in IMINT?

Back 103

BDA (Battle Damage Assessment) – check the before pic and the after pic …

Front 104

What spectrums does IMINT normally collect and exploit?

Back 104

EO (electro-optical) or visible light
Radar, via reflected energy
IR and combos of spectrums -multispectral

Front 105

Strengths of IMINT:

Back 105

Many spectra and platforms,
Targeting capable
OB (order of battle) inventory
PICS!

Front 106

What are MASINT’s six subdisciplines

Back 106

Electro-optical
Radar
Radio Frequency
Geophysical
Materials and Debris
Nuclear Radiation

Front 107

This INT is highly technical, can detect cues for other sensors and patterns

Back 107

MASINT

Front 108

T/F: Due to its technical nature the MASINT is easy to exploit

Back 108

False: Difficult

Front 109

OSINT is titled as

Back 109

Open Source Intelligence

Front 110

Strengths of OSINT

Back 110

Gives us an ‘insiders’ view and pics not available elsewhere, may be the timeliest info available

Front 111

T/F: OSINT is not susceptible to deception unlike many of the other INTs.

Back 111

False: OSINT IS susceptible to deception LIKE the other INTs

Front 112

T/F: OSINT is similar to SIGINT because the volume of material and need to translate much of it may be OSINT’s biggest weakness.

Back 112

True

Front 113

T/F: MASINT looks for things on a very general level.

Back 113

False: Looks for things specifically

Front 114

T/F: OSINT is Unclassified

Back 114

True

Front 115

What are some sources of OSINT?

Back 115

Think Tanks, Non-Gov organizations, public broadcasts (TV, Radio, Satellite, Internet, Books, Soldier blogs)

Front 116

Which AFSC provide OPSEC and COMSEC?

Back 116

IN6

Front 117

Which agency owns SIGINT?

Back 117

NSA

Front 118

Which AFSC provide ELINT support?

Back 118

1N5 Radar

Front 119

Which AFSC provide COMINT (voice) support?

Back 119

1N3

Front 120

Which AFSC provide COMINT (non-voice) support?

Back 120

1N2

Front 121

Which AFSC provide IMINT support?

Back 121

1N1

Front 122

Which intelligence discipline intercepts foreign EM noncommunications transmissions?

Back 122

ELINT

Front 123

Which intelligence subdiscipline focues on everday threats dealing with radar? (Threat Warnings)

Back 123

OPELINT

Front 124

Which intelligence discipline focuses on EM emissins assocated with the testing and opeational deployment of foreign aerospace, surface, and subsurface systems?

Back 124

FISINT

Front 125

Which intelligence discipline deals with technical information derived from the intercept of foreign instrumentation signals (FIS)?

Back 125

FISINT

Front 126

Which intelligence discipline takes a more in-depth look at noncommunication signals?

Back 126

TECHELINT

Front 127

Which agency handles IMINT products?

Back 127

National Geo Spatial Intelligence Agency (NGA)

Front 128

What are the two types of COMINT

Back 128

Morse and Voice

Front 129

Which AFSC translates and transcribes information?

Back 129

1N3 (Linguist)

Front 130

Which AFSC prepares battle damage assessment reports?

Back 130

1N1 (Imagery Analysis Specialist)

Front 131

Which AFSC wants the BDA report?

Back 131

1N0 (Operational Intel Specialist)

Front 132

Which AFSC conducts detailed analysis for target networks?

Back 132

1N4 (Network intelligence Specialist)

Front 133

Which AFSC gives OPSEC recommendations?

Back 133

1N6

Front 134

Which AFSC Instructs aircrews on collecting and reporting requirements and procedures, evasion and recovery, code of conduct recognition, and assessing weapons system capabilities

Back 134

1N0

Front 135

Which AFSC Exploits and analyzes multisensor imagery in conjunction with all-source intel…

Back 135

1N1

Front 136

Which AFAC Determines present and future imagery requirements?

Back 136

1N1

Front 137

Which AFSC Processes signals and extracts electromagnetic emissions and performs technical and data analysis?

Back 137

1N2

Front 138

Which AFSC Operates radio receivers, recording equipment, keyboards….

Back 138

1N3 (for translating and transcribing)

Front 139

Which AFSC Authors time sensitive intel. Reports in accordance with established guidelines for US warfighters and national decision makers

Back 139

1N4 (network intelligence analyst)

Front 140

Which (2) AFSC's provide SIGINT reports?

Back 140

1N2 (signals) and 1N4 (network) (1N4 is more in depth)

Front 141

Which AFSC exploits military vulnerabilities?

Back 141

1N6

Front 142

T/F: FISINT only deals with non-comm signals

Back 142

False

Front 143

What is the intelligence cycle?

Back 143

Process of developing raw information into finished intelligence for policy makers to use in decision-making and action.

Front 144

What are the Intelligence cycle phases?

Back 144

Planning and direction, collection, processing analysis and production, dissemination

Front 145

Two steps of planning and direction?

Back 145

Establish….then validate the requirement

Front 146

How are intelligence requirements categorized?

Back 146

Standing and Field

Front 147

In which case is a spot or ad hoc requirement developed to answer specific problems or questions?

Back 147

Field Requirements

Front 148

Broad, continuous requirements that generally follow a fixed pattern?

Back 148

Standing Requirements

Front 149

Who has the overall responsibility for theatre collection requirements (CR)?

Back 149

JFC

Front 150

To whom does the JFC delegate collection management authority CMA?

Back 150

JFACC

Front 151

Request for info between organizations?

Back 151

RFI – Specific request for info

Front 152

Who is responsible for prioritizing all theatre requirements when the JFC delegates the CMA out?

Back 152

ISR Ops Team

Front 153

If there is an intel gap and you need physical collection….

Back 153

Use a Collection Requirement for ISR

Front 154

Which basic information requests comes back the most detailed?

Back 154

EEI – essential elements of info

Front 155

When a commander gives INTEL requirements priority?

Back 155

Priority Intelligence Requirement PIR

Front 156

Discreet means…

Back 156

No need to hide, but don’t talk about

Front 157

What must be randomly planned so the enemy cannot determine a pattern and evade coverage…and systematic to reduce missed opportunities…

Back 157

Collection (phase 2)

Front 158

What are two types of collection?

Back 158

Primary and secondary

Front 159

What does the AOC provide?

Back 159

The AOC (Aerospace Ops Center) provides the method for implementing the JFC’s guidance and directions.

Front 160

What five divisions make up the AOC?

Back 160

Strategy Division, Combat Plans, Combat Ops, ISR, Air Mobility

Front 161

This division is responsible for long range planning and is made up of three teams.

Back 161

Strategy: Strategy Plans, Strategy Guidance and Operation Assessment Teams

Front 162

This team in this division develops the air ops directive (AOD) and applies expertise to AOD and ensures component needs are represented.

Back 162

Strategy Guidance Team : Strategy Division

Front 163

This division is responsible for near-term air and space ops planning with 2-3 days prior to execution and is made up of 4 teams.

Back 163

Combat Plans: Target Effects, Master Air Attack Plan (MAAP), Air Tasking Order Production, Command and Control Center (C2) Planning

Front 164

Strategy Plans Team…

Back 164

Develops a coherent Joint Air Ops Plan (JAOP) and identifies clear aerospace objectives

Front 165

This division monitors and executes current ATO and is said to fight ‘today’s’ war by ensuring timely coordination with Wing ops.

Back 165

Combat Ops Division