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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2 data link sublayers |
LLC MAC |
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IEEE standard for LLC? |
802.2 Flow and error control to upper layers |
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MAC/Ethernet IEEE standard? |
802.3 |
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8 parts of a frame and their size |
Preamble - 7 SOF - 1 Destination address - 6 Source address - 6 Length/Type - 2 Data (+pad) 46-1500 FCS - 4 Extension |
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Frames are transmitted LSB or MSB first? |
LSB |
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Define preamble/SOF |
Preamble syncs the frame with the Rx SOF sequence is 10101011, tells Rx when the start of the frame is |
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Length/Type |
2 bytes If <1500 decimal, denotes the length of the data field If >1536 decimal or 0x0600 hex, it indicates the field as type |
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Frame minimum size? Data min/max size? |
64 bytes for a frame 46 bytes (data+frame)/1500 bytes data |
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What fields are excluded from FCS calculation? |
Preamble, SOF, FCS |
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Extension field is used when? |
1 Gbps half duplex Enforces minimum carrier event duration on the medium |
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Define CSMA/CD |
Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection
Carrier Sense: each node listens for traffic on the medium Multiple access: Allows any node on the network at any time Collision detection: detects collisions |
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Define defer, back off, and jam |
Defer: station listens for an opportunity to transmit Backoff: station remains silent for a random time before transmitting to avoid collision Jam: a signal sent when a collision occurs |
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Broadcast is used when? |
Destination is not known Provide info to all hosts Map layer 3 to 2 Exchange routing info |
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Multicast is used when? |
Video and audio Routing info Software distribution News feed |
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Name 3 increases to a switch's throughput |
Dedicated bandwidth to each port Collision free Full duplex |
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Define symmetric switching |
All ports on a switch have the same bandwidth |
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Define assymetric switching |
Ports can be assigned different bandwidths on a switch Requires memory buffing |
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Define forwarding rate |
However much data the switch can process per second Determined by switch fabric, or backplane |
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Define wire speed |
The data speed each port on a switch is capable of achieving |
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4 switch features |
-Hardware switching -Multiple internal parallel paths -Assymetric switching, high port density -Great forwarding speed (switch fabric), and port based memory buffering |
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What port on a switch is not sent a broadcast frame? |
The one it originated from |
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3 main switch capabilities |
Flood - send data to all ports Filter - Drop packets Forward - Send to specific port(s) |
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What are the only 2 things that can limit a broadcast domain? |
Router VLAN |
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A switch port isolates what type of domain? |
Collision |
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Define VLAN |
Subnet a large broadcast domain into a smaller one A subnetwork of independent devices |
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3 things necessary to communicate on the same VLAN |
-IP and subnet mask consistent with the VLAN -Switch configured for the VLAN -Ports must be assigned to the VLAN |
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6 VLAN Benefits |
Security Cost reduction High performance Broadcast storm mitigation Improved IT staff efficiency Simpler project/app management |
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First router was made by who and called what? |
ARPANET IMP (interface message processor) |
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4 router features found in PCs |
CPU RAM ROM OS |
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Define network layer protcol |
Rules and instructions used to enable sharing of upper layers **** to hosts |
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Network layer has 4 tasks |
Encap Decap Routing Addressing |
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Define hop |
The route a packet takes to reach the next device |
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3 router primary roles |
Encap/decap Fragmentation Packet switch/path determination |
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Routers use what to determine the best path for a packet? |
Routing table |
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Define fragmentation |
Accommodate max packet sizes used on different networks, eg Ethernet (1500) vs token ring |
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Define default gateway |
Router interface connected to the LAN Gateway to the WAN |
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Router interfaces operate at what OSI layer? |
1 and 2 |
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Router is DTE or DCE? |
DTE because it behaves like a host device |
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A switch limits the size of ____ domain and extends the size of the ____. Allows for _____ communication . Does not limit a ____ domain. |
Collision domain Physical network Full duplex Broadcast |
