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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ectocervix
Endocervix |
NON-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium
MUCIN-secreting simple columnar epithelium |
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Low Risk HPV types
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6, 8, 11
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High Risk HPV types
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16, 18, 31, 33
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CIN1
CIN2 CIN3 |
1 -- Dysplasia stays within lower third of SC epithelium
2 -- Dysplasia extends till middle third 3 -- Dysplasia extends all the way through SC epithelium |
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Koilocyte
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Squamous cell, often binuclear, having a perinuclear hole
Characteristics of genital warts |
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Microinvasive SCC
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Invades to a depth of LESS THAN 3 mm
NO lymphovascular invasion EXCELLENT prognosis (potentially curable) |
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NON-infectios cervicitis
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Result of chemical/mechanical irritation
Often asymptomatic Histology -- non-specific inflammation Often, there is accompanying squamous metaplasia |
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Causes of Infectious cervicitis
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Chlamydia trachomatis (most common)
Herpes Simplex Virus 2 |
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Chlamydia Trachomatis
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Mucopurulent discharge
Histology -- follicular cervicitis Diagnosis needs to be confirmed (culture, IF, etc) Complications -- endometritis (40%), salpingitis (11%) Sequalae -- PID, infertility, neonatal pneumonia |
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Herpes Simplex Virus 2
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Non-painful vesicles, BUT excruciatingly painful ulcerations
Histology goes through stages: Early -- glassy nuclei (chromatin pushed to periphery) Intermediate -- prominent nuclear inclusion Later -- 3Ms (multinucleation, margination, molding) Small, but real risk of transmitting to fetus during delivery |
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Most common vulvar cyst
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Bartholin's gland cysts
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Lichen Sclerosis
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White changes of the vulva
"PARCHMENT PAPER LIKE" Histology -- thin, atrophic epithelium Small risk of developing into SCC (5%) |
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Padget Disease
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Red, eczematous vulvar lesion with irregular borders
Histology -- INTRepithelial proliferation of malignant gland-like cells Slowly progressive 15% of pts. have an associated malignancy elsewhere |
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Vulvar Melanoma
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Typically occurs in 60s and 70s
Histology -- nests of cells infiltrating dermis Survival based on depth of invasion: Under 1.5 mm, EXCELLENT prognosis Metastasized, LESS THAN 5% 5 yr. survival |
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Pategoid Spread
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Refers to percolation of single cells up through the dermis
Occurs in Vulvar melanoma |
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Clear Cell Carcinoma
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Looks identical to its ovarian counterpart
Epidemiology is DIFFERENT Vaginal clear cell in adolescents, ovarian in older women Strong association with DES use during pregnancy Histology -- glands composed of clear cells that "hobnail" |
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Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma
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Sarcoma of primitive SKELETAL MUSCLE
Occurs in CHILDREN Can arise anywhere in the body Histology -- individual cells have a round nucleus and an eosinophilic belly Grow rapidly, metastasize to regional LNs, require chemo ~50% 5 yr survival |
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Sarcoma Botryoides
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Particular subtype of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
Has a propensity for cavities (vagina, bladder) |
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Endocervical polyp
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Polypoid projection from the external cervical os
Can ulcerate and result in bleeding (post-coital) Histology -- overgrowth of benign stroma and epithelium THICK-WALLED vessels @ base |
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AIS and Invasive Adenocarcinoma of Endocervix
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Arise in the glandular component of the endocervix, often @ transformation zone
Strong association with HPV Histology -- loss of mucin; nuclear enlargement; Hyperchromatic and mitotically active nuclei |
