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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Primary hyperparathyroidism
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Excess PTH in absence of stimulus
Adenoma is cause of 80% of this (single gland involved) Hyperplasia involves all 4 glands (weight is very important) Therapy is to remove parathyroid tissue |
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Secondary hyperparathyroidism
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Hypocalcemic stimulation of excess PTH
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Parathyroid Carcinoma
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Usually high serum calcium level
30% will have mets Therapy is usually en bloc resection Death is usually from hypercalcemia |
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Hypoadrenalism
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Primary chronic insufficiency -- Addison's disease (auto-immune)
Primary acute insufficiency -- crisis in Addison's |
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Conn's Syndrome
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Hyperaldosteronism
10% have hyperplasia of zona glomerulosa 90% have adenoma |
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Cushing's syndrome
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Excess corticotropin
Can be from pituitary or within adrenal gland or iatrogenic Iatrogenic (too much steroid medication) |
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Adrenal Adenoma
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May secrete aldo, cortisol or sex steroids
Solitary, small and bright yellow |
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Pheochromocytoma
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Secretes Epi and NE
10% are bilateral, 10% are extra-adrenal 40-70% of familial are bilateral 10% are malignant |
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Neuroblastoma
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Most common malignant congenital tumor
Increased urinary homovanillic acid, vanillymandelic acid |
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Chemodectomas
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Carotid and aorticopulmonary paragangliomas
Zellballen -- distinctive cell nests |
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Z-E Syndrome
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Pancreatic, but can occur elsewhere (duodenum)
High gastric acid secretion, high plasma gastrin 65% are malignant |
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MEN-I
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Menin tumor suppressor gene
Chromosome 11q Neoplasms/Hyperplasias of PT gland, adrenal cortex, pituitary, and pancreas Peptic ulcers Gastric hypersecretion |
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MEN-IIa
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A.K.A. Sipple Syndrome
Multiple pheochromocytomas Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid PT hyperplasia/adenoma |
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MEN-IIb
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Same as IIa, WITHOUT PT abnormality, but WITH mucucutaneous neuromas
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MEN-II
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RET proto-oncogene
Chromosome 10q11 |
