Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Direct vs Indirect Allorecognition
|
Direct = donor organ cells travel to recipient's lymph nodes and stimulate T cells
Indirect = recipient's APCs present Ag's derived from donor organ cells to activate Th cells |
|
|
Hyperacute, Acute, and Chronic transplant rejection
|
Hyperacute - occurs w/in minutes-days due to pre-formed anti-donor Ab's
Acute - occurs w/in days-6mo due to recipient CTLs reacting w/ donor MHCI Chronic - occurs 6mo+ due to anti-MHCI Ab's reacting w/ blood vessels of donor organ |
|
|
Allergic Rhinitis Sx's
|
Need one of the following:
Nasal congestion rhinorhea Nasal itching Sneezing |
|
|
Asymmetric replication vs Stochastic differentiation
|
Asymmetric = division gives one daughter cell retaining self-renewing capacity while other cell differentiates
Stochastic = division results in either two self-renewing cells or two differentiating cells |
|
|
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
|
Have the ability to transdifferentiate in vitro
Transdifferentiation - change in differentiation of a cell from one type to another, may be induce by GFs Developmental plasticity - ability of a cell to transdifferentiate into diverse lineages |
|
|
Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)
|
- binds to EGFR (HER1 or HER2)
- mitogenic for keratinocytes, fibroblasts - present in platelets, macrophages, tissue secretions and fluids - TNFalpha is homologous to EGF |
|
|
Growth Factors involved in regeneration and wound healing:
|
Epidermal GF (EGF)
Hepatocyte GF (HGF) Platelet-derived GF (PDGF) Vascular Endothelial GF (VEGF) Fibroblast GF (FGF) Transforming GF beta (TGF beta) |
|
|
Cytokines participating in would healing:
|
TNFa and IL1
|
|
|
Cytokines participating in liver regeneration:
|
TNFa and IL6
|
|
|
MAP Kinase Cascade
|
1) Tyrosine kinase receptor signaling through the adapter protein GRB2 which binds to SOS
2) SOS acts on RAS to form RAS-GTP, which starts the phosphorylation cascade 3) RAF = MKKK MEK = MKK ERK = MK 4) ERK phosphorylates cytoplasmic proteins and nuclear TFs (FOS, JUN) --> TFAP1 (transcription factor activator protein 1) which induces production of proteins involved in the cell cycle |
|
|
Von Hippel-Lindau
|
mutations in VHL gene lead to failure to downregulate HIF, leading to overexpression of VEGF.
Sx include: hemangioblastomas of the brain, spinal cord, retina, renal cysts, ... |
|
|
Limited scleroderma aka CREST syndrome:
|
Calcinosis
Raynauds Esophageal dysmotility Sclerodactyly Telangiectasias |
