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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Three Host Defense Mechanisms that Pathogens must Overcome
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1.Mucociliary lining of the Nasal Cavity
2. Adenoids and Tonsils -- Secondary Lymph Organs 3.Mucus and Ciliated Cells of the Lower Respiratory Tract |
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Most Common Site for pathogen infection
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Respiratory tract
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Two Evasion Mechanisms of Paathogens
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1. Avoid being caught in the Mucus layers of the Upper Respiratory Tract
2. It must avoid Phagocytosis if it makes its way into the Lower Respiratory Tract |
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Pathogenic Mechanisms of Respiratory Tract Pathogens
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1. Adherence Factors
2. Extracellular Toxins 3. Intracellular Growth in Host Tissue 4. Evasion of Host Defense Mechanisms |
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________ are the most numerous and obvious microbial components of the normal flora
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Bacteria
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Inflammation of the pharynx
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Pharyngitis
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Most common bacterial throat infection (strep throat) is caused by ...
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Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus
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Any objective evidence of disease
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Sign
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Any subjective evidence of disease
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Symptom
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Causes of Acute Viral Pharyngitis
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Adenovirus
Rhinovirus Parainfluenza Virus Coxsackieviruses Coronavirus HSV EBV CMV |
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Causes of Acute Bacterial Phayngitis
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GABHS (S.pyrogenes)
Neisseria Gonorrheae H. Influenza Moraxella Catarrhalis |
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Complications of Step Throat
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Scarlet Fever
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Sequalae of Strep Bacteria
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Rheumatic Fever
Glomerulnephritis |
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What kinds of population do we see Phayngitis
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crowed populations, daycare facilities; Spread via Respiratory Droplets
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GABHS Pharyngitis (Strep Throat) S/S
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1.Fever
2.Tonsil Exudate 3.NO COUGH 4.Tender Anterior Cervical Lymphadenopathy |
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Streptococcal tonsillitis -- 2 Big Giveaways
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Intense erythema of the tonsils and surrounding tissue with a creamy exudate
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Scarlet Fever
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Strep. Pharyngitis Complication; Diffuse Erythemataous rash with Pastia's Lines and "Sandpaper" feel.
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Scarlet Fever vs. Rheumatic Fever
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SF = 1-2 days after onset; lasting 5-7 days
RF = 2-3 wks. after pharyngitis |
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Rheumatic Fever
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Inflammatory changes in heart, joints, blood vessels, and subcutaneous tissues
Endocarditis, Pericarditis, Myocarditis Use Jones Criteria |
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2 Major Diagnostic Criteria for Rhematic Fever / Jones Criteria
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Erythema Marginatum - red lesions with pale centers and rounded margins
Subcutaneous Nodule - located on the extensor surfaces of elbow |
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Glomerulonephritis
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Acute inflammation of the renal glomeruli due to immune complex accumulation on the basement membrane; bumpy Deposition
Sequela to pharyngitis |
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Which sequela of pharyngitis shows no evidence that treatment will prevent the sequela
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Glomerulonephritis
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Pharyngitis Antigen Detection
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Enzyme Immunoassay
Latex Agglutination -both are initial tests and are confirmed by Throat Culture High Specificity, Low Sensitivity |
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Tests for Pharyngitis
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Beta Hemolysis
Bacitracin PYR Positive |
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Drugs to treat Strep Throat
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Penicillin and Erythromycin
BETA LACTAMS |
