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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Subcutaneous:
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-into the looser subcutaneous tissue
-slower absorption than IM because its less vascular |
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Intramuscular:
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-into the muscle
-used for more irritatind meds |
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Intradermal:
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-just below the epidermis into the dermis
-localized effect only |
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Sub-Q syringe & needle:
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-dose is 1ml or less
-use 1 or 3ml syringe -small needle (25-31 guage: 1/2 - 7/8 inch lengeth) |
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IM syringe & needle:
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-usually no more then 3ml
-needle size & length depends on med viscosity, patient size, & injection site (19-23g x 1" x 1.5") (22-23g x 1-1.5" most common) |
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ID syringe & needle:
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-use TB syringe with attached needle
-volume usually 0.1ml -1ml TB syringe 25-29g x 0.5-5/8") |
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How much skin is required for a Sub-Q injection?
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at least 1 inch fold of skin and tissue
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IM Injection Procedure:
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S tretch
S tick S tabilize A spirate S hoot |
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Rapid Insulin:
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-Novalog or Humalog
-desgined for faster onset & shorter duration -give within 15mins of meal |
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Short acting:
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-regular (Humulin R, Novalin R)
-used for intermittent sliding scale or combined with intermediate |
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Intermediate:
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-NPH (Humulin N, Novalin N)
-Usually given once or twice a day -Premixed combinations with Regular or Rapid are available |
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Long Acting:
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-Lantus (glargine)
-Levemir (detemir) |
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Rapid:
Humalog insulin lispro Novolog insulin aspart Onset Peak Duration |
Onset: 15mins
Peak: 30-90 mins (1-3hrs) Duration: 3-5 hrs |
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Short-acting:
Regular Insulin: Onset Peak Duration |
Onset: 1/2 - 1hr
Peak: 2-4 hrs Duration: 5-7 hrs |
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Intermediate:
NPH (suspension): Onset Peak Duration |
Onset: 3-4 hrs
Peak: 6-12 hrs Duration: 18-24 hrs |
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Lantus (glargine) (clear)
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Onset: 1-1 hrs
Peak: None Duration: 24 hrs |
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Levemire (detemire)
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Onset: 4-6
Peak: ? Duration: 24 hrs |
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Action of Insulin:
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insulin lowers blood glucose by increasing its transport into cells and increasing conversion to glycogen.
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What is the 10% rule?
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take BG reading
subtract 200 and give 10% of the remainder |
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Hypoglycemia sx
(low blood sugar) |
shakiness
sweating dizziness headache irritability nervousness pale skin hungry sudden moodiness/behavioral changes menral confusion seizures coma death |
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Hyperglycemia sx
(high blood sugar) |
frequent urination
excessive thirst weight loss dizziness |
