Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
The Scientific Method |
Observations and Measurements Hypothesis Experiments Theory Law |
|
|
System of Units |
British System Metric System |
|
|
Three Fundamental Quantities |
Time Length (distance) Mass (NOT WEIGHT) |
|
|
Metric Prefixes |
Giga (G) - Billion Mega (M) - Million Kilo (k) - Thousand Hecto (h) - Hundred Deka (da) - Ten None Deci (d) - One-Tenth Centi (c) - One-Hundredth Milli (m) - One-Thousandth Micro (upside down h) - One-Millionth Nan (n) - One-Billionth |
|
|
Scientific Notation |
System of writing very large or very small numbers using powers of 10. |
|
|
Derived Units |
Multiples of combinations of units. - Area - Volume - Speed or Velocity - Density |
|
|
Density |
Reflect the compactness of matter or mass of a substance. p = mass/volume |
|
|
Significant Figures |
Method of expressing measured numbers properly. |
|
|
Position |
Refers to the location of an object. Require a reference point and a measurement scale. |
|
|
2 Types of Quantities |
Scalar Quantity - Has only a numerical value or a unit Vector Quantity - Has both magnitude and direction |
|
|
Motion |
Refers to an object which is undergoing a continuous change in position. |
|
|
Average Speed |
Total distance traveled divided by the time spent traveling the total distance. |
|
|
Distance |
Actual length of the path that was traveled. |
|
|
Average Speed Formula |
v = d/v |
|
|
Instantaneous Speed |
Speed of an object at a specific instant in time (letting t become very small) |
|
|
Velocity |
Vector quantity describing the rate of change in position. |
|
|
Average Velocity |
Displacement divided by the total travel time. |
|
|
Displacement |
Straight line distance between initial and final position, with direction toward the final position. |
|
|
Instantaneous Velocity |
Velocity at any instant in time. |
|
|
Acceleration |
The rate of change in velocity. |
|
|
Average Acceleration |
Change in acceleration per unit time. |
|
|
Average Acceleration Formula |
a = vf - vi/t |
|
|
Constant Acceleration Formula |
vf = vi + at |
|
|
Free Fall Formula |
d = 1/2gt(squared) g = 9.8 m/s |
|
|
Force |
Vector quantity capable of producing a motion or a change in motion. Capable of producing a change in velocity (speed or direction). Capable of producing acceleration. |
|
|
Net Force |
The sum of all forces (in vector form) applied to an object. |
|
|
Newton's First Law of Motion |
An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force. |
|
|
Newton's Second Law of Motion |
Acceleration produced by an unbalanced force acting on an object is directly proportional to the force and in the direction of the force. Acceleration of an object being acted upon by an unbalanced force is inversely proportional to the mass of the object. F = ma |
|
|
Newton's Third Law of Motion |
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. For every force, there is an equal and opposite force. When an object exerts a force on another, the object exerting the force feels a force equal and in the opposite direction to the force it is exerting. |
|
|
Motion Terminology |
Linear Momentum Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum Impulse Torque |
|
|
Linear Momentum |
The product of mass and velocity. |
|
|
Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum |
The total linear momentum of an isolated system remains the same if there is no external, unbalanced force acting on the system. |
|
|
Impulse |
Force over a time. |
|
|
Torque |
A force exerted over a distance. |
|
|
States of Matter |
Solid Liquid Gas Plasma |
|
|
Solid |
Relatively fixed molecules. Definite shape and volume. Heat of fusion - 80 Kcal per kg for water. |
|
|
Liquid |
Have a slight lattice structure. Arrangement of molecules that may move. Assume shape of container that it is in. Heat of vaporization - 540 Kcal per kg for water. |
|
|
Gas |
Composed of rapidly moving molecules. No definite shape or volume. Assumes size and shape of container. |
|
|
Plasma |
Hot gas of electrically charged particles. Composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Can be found in stars and the earth's ionosphere. |
