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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Blood groups
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are heritable polymorphisms of RBC surface ag's
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Clinical assay
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agglutination rxn w/ certain ab's
ag-ab rxn=>agglutination |
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Bld grp systems
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> 20 each deined by the polymorphic surface ag
importance: -paternity testing -maternal/fetal incompatibility -transfusions |
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ABO system
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chemistry:
oligosacharides on -glycolipids & glycoproteins (imp for self recog in the imm. system) -they make gene products of glycotransferases in the ER and Golgi |
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Genetics of the ABO system
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-4 phenotypes (AB,A,B,O)
-determined by 3 alleles on 1 locus |
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Alleles and corresponding enzymes
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A->N-acetylgalactosamine transferase
B-> galactose transferase O-> no enzyme |
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Bld grp frequenciees
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O common in:europe and africa
A: more common in europe and asia B: higer prev in asia AB: higher prevalance in asia |
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ABO disease associations
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cholera and duodenal ulcer risk susceptibility in O
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Transfusion rxn's
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A can only recieve A & O
B:B&O AB:all O: only O |
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Paternity testing and ABO
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mom is O baby A then dad A
mom=AB,baby=B,dad=B mom=B,baby=O,dad=O mom=O,baby=AB,dad=AB |
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Secretor types
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O,A,&B are secreted in saliva & other secretions
-23% of europeans are non-sec (AR) -80% caucasians are secretors |
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Rhesus system
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-polymorphisms in 3 RBC membrane proteins (C,D,E)
-D most important - RH neg is AR -RH neg is 15% in europe less elsewhere |
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Rhesus incompatibility
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RH neg mom forms an IgG ab to her babys'RH pos ag
ab crosses into fetal bld and coats the RBC's of fetus=hemolysis of fetus erythroblastosis fetalis b4 birth kernicterus from hypobilirubinemia after birth prevented by RhoGAM (anti-rhesus anti serum)fo Rh neg mom w/ Rh pos baby at time of birth |
